Non MSK, Incontinence, Sexuality Flashcards
what is the 2nd leading cause of death among candians
heart disease
has number of new heart disease been increasing or decreasing
bw 2001-13 heart disease has declined and death rate down by 23%
things to do to reduce risk of heart disease
not smoking staying physically active eating healthy diet maintaining healthy weight limiting alcohol use
Why is it thought that heart disease rates are decreasing among candaians
early detection and better management of the condition and conditions leading to heart disease
signs of a stroke
severe headache
sudden numbnesss or weakness in face/arms/legs
condufsion or trouble understanding speech
non modifiable risk factors of stroke
age gender (m>w but more w die) ethnic origin Fam hx prior stroke or tia
modifiable risk factors of stroke (+ mc)
hypertension (mc) high blood cholesterol Irregular heartbeat diabetes drug abuse overweight
A stroke survivor has what % chance of having another stroke or Tia in the next 2 years
20% chace
what are the triad of symtoms that patient might be experiencing with VAD in progress
- Spontaneous onset of severe upper cervical pain
- severe headache that was distinctly different from patient migraine headaches
- brainstem related neuro symtoms
what is dyspepsia
indigestion, discomfort or pain in upper abdomen
common after eating/drinking
s/s- bloating, discomfort, feeling too full, nausea, gas
tx for dyspepsia
tx for dyspepsia really depends on the cause/severity
- avoiding trigger foods
- drinking water
- limiting intake or caffein/alcohol
- smaller meals
- eating slower
- maintenence of mod weight
pharmacological management of dyspepsia
antacids
h2receptor antagonsist (more elective then antacids)
proton pump inhibitor (reduce prod of stomach acid)
prokinetics (boost mvmt thru stomach)
antibiotics
antidepresents
complications of dyspepsia
severe stomach pain changes in bowel mvmt frequent vommiting blood in stools unexplained weight loss etc etc
*any of the above refer to GP
what constitutes gerd
mild acid reflex that occurs atleast twice a week or moderate to severe that occurs at least once a week
risk factors for GERD
obesity hiatal hernia preg connective tissue disorders delayed stomach emptying
factors that aggrevate GERD
smoking eating large meals eating late at night certain foods certain bevy certain meds (aspirin)
Complications of gerd
- Narrowing of esophagus, esophageal structure
- An esophageal ulcer
- Barrets esophagus
what is stress incontinence
leak urine when you sneeze, cough, laugh, lift, jum
what is urgency incontinence
overactive bladder, when u leak urine after a strong urge to go (8 or more times a day or more than once a day)
What is overflow incontinence
you may leak urine once bladder is full (mc in men)
who is mixed incontinence mc in
W
what is functional incontenence
when a med condition prevents you from getting to the washroom on time (arthritis/stenosis etc)
lifestyle changes to help incontinence
drinking enough water/staying hydrated
watching what you eat/drink
losing weight may help
quitting smoking
skin care + incontinence
are more likely to have skin issues around the hips, butt and genetics from constant exposure to wetness
- -keep skin clean and dry
- -create moisture barrier by applying creams or ointments that contain zinc oxide, lanolin or petrolatum
What % of w have quit physical activity due to urinary incontinacne
20% of w
may contribute to other diseases such as osteoperosis, hypertension, coronary artery disease
more than 1/3 of inf in nursing homes are what
UTIs
Symptoms of UTI
(older adults dont always show classical signs)
- Urethral bring w urination
- pelvic pain
- frequent urination
primary cause of UTI
Ecoli
things that put u at an increased risk of getting UTI
Hx of UTI Dementia Catherter use Bladder incontinence bowel incontinece prolapsed bladder
Tx of UTI
Antibiotics are the tx of choice
things to do to prevent UTI
- drink plenty of fluids
- changing incontinence briefs quick
- avoid bladder irritants
- keep genital area clean and dry
complications of menopause
heart and blood vessel disease osteoperosis urinary incontienece sexual function weight gain
what has hormone therapy in menopause been proven to do
prevent bone loss and reduce fracture
–usually prescribed w progesterone
What is andropause
lvl of test in body + prod of sperm gradually becomes lower (10% every decade after 30)
Symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia
frequent and urgent need to urinate
noctunia
difficulty initiation urination or steps
dribbling
risk factors of BPH
ageing (1/2 men affected by 80)
- fam hx
- diabetes and heart disease
- lifestyle (obesity etc)
complications of BPH
- sudden inability to urinate
- UTIs
- bladder stoes
- bladder damage
- kidney damage
When does peak sex life
mid to late 30s
