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IHO Week 4 > Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - Krafts > Flashcards

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - Krafts Flashcards

1
Q

What clinical finding brings the patient with lymphoma into the clinic?

A

Lymphadenopathy

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2
Q

What are the key characteristics of leukemia?

A 
Malignancy of hematopoietic cells
Starts in Bone Marrow
Spreads to Blood and Lymph Nodes
Myeloid of Lymphoid
Acute or Chronic
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3
Q

What are the key characteristics of lymphoma?

A 
Malignancy of hematopoietic cells
Starts in Lymph Nodes
Spreads to Blood and Bone Marrow
Lymphoid Only
Hodgkin or Non-Hodgkin
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4
Q

What is the most common cause of lymphadenopathy?

A

Benign reaction to infection

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5
Q

What is the most common malignant cause of lymphadenopathy?

A

Metastatic Carcinoma

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6
Q

What is follicular hyperplasia?

A

Benign lymph node that has been stimulated and has lots of follicles that have germinal centers

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of follicular hyperplasia?

A

Large, irregular follicles
Mixture of cells in germinal centers
Tangible body macrophages
B-cell response to some immune stimulus

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of interfollicular hyperplasia?

A

Expanded area between follicles
Mixture of cells
Partial effacement
T-cell response to immune stimulus

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

Skips around
Many Subtypes
Most are B-cells

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10
Q

What is the definition of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

Malignant proliferation of lymphoid cells (blasts or mature cells) in lymph nodes

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11
Q

Where are Tingible Body Macrophages found?

A

Centers of benign follicle germinal centers (not present in malignant lymphoma nodules)

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12
Q

What are the symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

Painless, firm, red lymphadenopathy
Extranodal manifestations
“B” symptoms: weight loss, night sweats, fever = Poorer prognosis

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

Older patients
Indolent = Incurable
Small, mature cells
Non-destructive

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

Sometimes seen in Children
Aggressive = Curable?
Big, ugly cells
Destructive

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15
Q

What is the Working Formulation Classification of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

Low-Grade
Intermediate-Grade
High-Grade

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16
Q

What is the REAL/WHO Classification of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

B-Cell Disorders

T-Cell Disorders

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17
Q

What are the 4 types of Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

1) Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
2) Malt Lymphoma
3) Follicular Lymphoma
4) Mycosis Fungoides

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18
Q

What are the 3 types of High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

1) Large Cell Lymphoma
2) Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
3) Burkitt Lymphoma

19
Q

What are the characteristics of Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma?

A 
aka Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Small, mature lymphocytes
B-Cell Lesions with CD5+
LONG course
Death from Infection
20
Q

What can Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma or CLL sometimes become?

A

Richter’s Transformation -> Cells become large and ugly

21
Q

What are the characteristics of Marginal Zone Lymphoma?

A

A bunch of Lymphomas
Marginal Zone Pattern
MALT Lymphoma
Helicobacter Pylori

22
Q

What is MALT lymphoma?

A

Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue

23
Q

How can Marginal Zone Lymphoma be cured?

A

Remove the Helicobacter Pylori by treating with antibiotics

24
Q

What are the characteristics of Mantle Cell Lymphoma?

A

Mantle Zone Pattern
Small angulated lymphocytes
More Aggressive

25
What translocation is associated with Mantle Cell Lymphoma?
t(11;14) | Bcl-1 and IgH causes disregulation and cell can proliferate uncontrollably
26
What are the characteristics of Follicular Lymphoma?
Follicular pattern initially Small, cleaved cell, mixed or large cell Grade 1, 2, or 3
27
What is the translocation associated with Follicular Lymphoma?
t(14;18) | IgH and Bcl-2
28
Describe Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma
Small, uniform pattern of cellular distribution
29
Describe Grade 2 Follicular Lymphoma
Combination of small and large cells
30
Describe Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma
Butt Cells with deep clefts in the blood | Big and nasty cells
31
What cell type is characteristic of Follicular Lymphoma and what stain can be performed to confirm a diagnosis?
B-cells stain with CD20
32
What are the characteristics of Mycosis Fungoides?
``` aka Sezary Syndrome Skin lesions (look like mushrooms) Blood involvement T-cell immunophenotypes Cerebriform lymphocytes aka Sezary Cells ```
33
What is Leonin Faces?
Facial involvement of the skin in Mycosis Fungoides that is "lion like"
34
What are the characteristics of Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma?
Large B-Cells Extranodal Involvement Grows Rapidly POOR Prognosis
35
What are the characteristics of Lymphoblastic Lymphoma?
aka ALL B-Cell OR T-Cell Lymphoma Lymphoblasts in diffuse pattern
36
Who is the typical patient for T-lymphoblastic lymphoma?
Teenage male with mediastinal mass
37
What are the characteristics of Burkitt Lymphoma?
aka Burkitt Leukemia Seen in Children Fast-Growing, Extranodal Mass
38
What is the key pattern in identifying Burkitt Lymphoma
Starry-Sky Pattern
39
What is the African-Type of Burkitt Lymphoma?
Mass on the face
40
What is the Non-African-Type of Burkitt Lymphoma?
Mass in abdomen or pelvis
41
What is the translocation associated with Burkitt Lymphoma?
t(8;14)
42
What is the key characteristic of Burkitt lymphoma cells?
Bright blue cytoplasm with perfectly punched out vacuoles
43
What are the characteristics of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma?
Japan/Caribbean basin Virus: Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus-1 (HTLV-1) T-Cell involvement Hypercalcemia from bone marrow involvement (ie: kidney stones, high serum calcium) Skin Lesions VERY Aggressive

IHO Week 4 (15 decks)

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