Non-Communicable Diseases Mgt & Control

Question 1

Disease Control

Answer 1

The reduction of disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity or mortality to a locally accepted level as a result of deliberate efforts; continuous intervention methods are required to maintain the reduction

Question 2

Disease Control Measures

Answer 2

Components of Disease Control
*Disease Prevention - A process consisting of specific population and individual based interventions [primordial, primary, secondary, tertiary] aimed at minimizing the burden of disease and associated risk factors.

*Treatment - mainly to prevent complications of disease outcome 🙏🏾

Question 3

Disease control measures - Importance of Disease Control

Answer 3

To prevent consequences or complications of diseases by
*Keeping people healthy
*Reduce severity of illness
*Prevent death

Question 4

Disease Management

Answer 4

A system of coordinated healthcare interventions and communications for defined patient populations with conditions where self-care efforts can be implemented.

Question 5

What does the management of NCD involve according to WHO?

Answer 5

Detection or diagnosis
Screening
Treatment
Access to palliative care for those in need

Question 6

Why have disease patterns in the developing world changed over the years

Answer 6

• Increases in health problems of the elderly
• Changes in the environment/ecosystem
  *Lifestyle and behavioral changes

Question 7

SDG’s and Non-Communicable diseases

Answer 7

SDG 3 - Ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages.

SDG 3.4 - By 2030 reduce by one third premature mortality from NCD’s through intervention and treatment and promote mental health and well being.

Question 8

NCD’s

Answer 8

Aka Chronic Diseases
Medical conditions or diseases that are non-infectious and non-transmissible among people.

*Major cause of death in all countries.

Question 9

Characteristics of NCDs

Answer 9

*Have long duration and progress slowly
*Affect all age groups and all geographical regions
*Vary with geographical location
*Vary within different countries

Question 10

Determinants of NCDs

Answer 10

• Individual - Innate (genetic, physiological) and Behavioral
• Environmental (social, physical, policy)

Question 11

Risk of Death from NCDs is increased by behavioral factors such as:

Answer 11

*Tobacco and alcohol use
*Physical inactivity and unhealthy diet- contribute to raised blood pressure (19% of global deaths), glucose and lipids; and obesity I.e., METABOLIC RISK FACTORS

Question 12

Main types of Non-Communicable diseases

Answer 12

• Cardiovascular disease - CHD (Heart attack) and stroke
• Cancer
• Chronic Respiratory Disease - COPD and Asthma
• Diabetes

Question 13

List the other NCDs

Answer 13

1. Injuries
2. Mental Health
3. Visual impairment and blindness
4. Hearing impairment and deafness
5. Oral diseases and genetic disorders