Non Communicable Diseases

Question 1

Compare how viruses and bacteria cause illness

Answer 1

• Viruses and barcteria both reproduce rapidly when inside the body.
• However, bacteria reproduce inside the bloodstream (creating toxins that damage tissues) to make us feel ill
• whereas viruses live and reproduce inside cells,damaging them, before moving into the bloodstream

Question 2

How can plant diseases be detected

Answer 2

Plant diseases can be indentified by

• Discolouration of leaves
• Areas of rot / decay
• Malformation of stems and leaves
• Stunted growth
• Presence of pests
• Spots on leaves

Question 3

How can plant diseases be identified

Answer 3

Plant diseases can be identified by:

• Using a repuable gardening manual or website
• Sending the infected plant to a labrotary in order to identify the pathogen
• Using a testing kit that contains monocolonial antibodies

Question 4

How does ion deficiency affect the plant

Answer 4

Magnesium:Magnesium ions are needed to make.A lack of chlorophyll(called chlorosis) means that plants wont be able to trap so much sunlight energy for photosynthesis so therefore lack of magnesium ions affects the growth of the plants

Nitrogen: Nitrogen (in the form of nitrates) are used to make protiens to help the plant grow . A lack of nitrogen therefore affects growth .

Question 5

What are the physical defences that plants have to resist invasion of microorganisms

Answer 5

Physical defences

• Tough waxy cuticle on leaves
• Tough cellulose cell wall
• Layers of dead cells around stems which fall off

Question 6

What are the chemical defences of the plant

Answer 6

Chemical defences of the plant

• Antibacterial chemicals
• Posions to deter herbivores

Question 7

What are the mechanical defences of a plant

Answer 7

Mechanical defences:

• Mimicry to trick animals
• Thorns and hairs to deter animals
• Leaves that droop or curl when touched