Non-Communicable Disease, Coronary Heart Disease Flashcards
Which area of the heart is affected?
Coronary arteries
Why does the lumen become narrower?
Fatty deposits build up
Why is reduced blood flow to the heart bad?
Less oxygen to the cells which means anaerobic respiration will happen.
Why is anaerobic respiration bad?
Releases toxic levels of lactic acid which causes pain (angina) and then cell death (heart attack)
What is a stent?
A metal wire placed inside artery from the groin. A balloon inflates which opens up stent and artery.
Advantages of a stent?
- no major surgery
- reduced blockage in a single place
- lower risk of complication.
Disadvantages of a stent? (4)
- temporary(3-5years)
- only fixes specific place
- 40% success rate
- risk of damage to arteries
What is a bypass?
A section of a vein from another body part sewed into the coronary system to divert blood around blockage.
Advantages of a bypass? (2)
- effective against large/multiple blockages.
- 95%success rate if surgery successfull
Disadvantages of a bypass? (4)
- Major surgeries
- high risk operation
- major recovery time
- risk of infection
What is a statin?
-medicine that reduces blood cholesterol levels - slows down rate at which fatty deposits form
Advantages of a statin (2)
- Prevents heart disease
- no surgery
Disadvantages of statins (4)
- Does not treat blockages
- take a tablet daily
- sideffects - liver damage, headaches, memory loss
- pregnant woman won’t take it
Mechanical heart transplant advantages
- Temporary heart - gives patients time on the waiting list for biological heart
- gives an infected heart time to recover
Mechanical heart disadvantages (2)
- risk of blood clot
- not permanent
