non blanching rashes

Question 1

Henoch schonlein purpura - HSP

Answer 1

most common small vessel vasculitis in children. It most commonly affects children aged 3-5 years old.

Question 2

HSP symptoms

Answer 2

Purpura or petechiae on the buttocks and lower limbs

pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding. Usually flat to the touch, petechiae don’t lose color when you press on them.

Abdominal pain
Arthralgia- joint stiffness
Nephritis (haematuria +/- proteinuria)
May be pyrexial
HSP is commonly preceded by a viral upper respiratory tract infection

Question 3

Leukaemia

Answer 3

bone marrow produces stem cells- platelets, RBC, WBC

happens when WBC released before fully matured called blast cells reducing RBC and Platelets

Question 4

leukaemia symptoms

Answer 4

pale skin
feeling tired and breathless
repeated infections over a short time
bleeding
temperature
night sweats
bone and joint pain
easily bruised skin
swollen lymph nodes (glands)
tummy (abdominal pain) – caused by a swollen liver or spleen
unintentional weight loss
a purple skin rash (purpura)

Question 5

Meningitis symptoms and treatment

Answer 5

fever
being sick
headache
non blanching rash
stiff neck
a dislike of bright lights
drowsiness or unresponsiveness
seizures (fits)
cold peripheries

antibiotics- ciprofloaxin

Question 6

leukaemia treatment and investigation

Answer 6

bone marrow biopsy and lumbar puncture if cns affected

chemo with blood transfusions