Non-Arthritic Hand Flashcards

1
Q

A mucous cyst is an outpouching of what fluid type?

A

Synovial (from DIP)

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2
Q

Mucous cysts are associated with which disorder?

A

OA

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3
Q

Mucous cysts can have which serious complication?

A

Destruction of nail bed

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4
Q

Ganglions are generally painful. True/false?

A

False - they may feel tight, however

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5
Q

Treatment options for ganglion cysts (3)

A

1) Waiting (self-limiting) 2) Aspiration 3) Excision note: “bible method” no longer recommended

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6
Q

Trigger finger is due to a tendon in which sheath being caught where? (2)

A

1) Flexor tendon sheath 2) A1 pulley

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7
Q

Trigger finger can be confused with which other hand condition?

A

Duputyren’s contracture

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8
Q

Trigger finger is often treated how?

A

Conservatively (splintage)

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9
Q

Can injections be used in trigger finger?

A

Yes

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10
Q

DeQuervains tenosynovitis is an inflammation of which tendons? (2)

A

1) Extensor pollicis brevis 2) Abductor pollcis longus

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11
Q

Finklestein’s Test assess for which condition?

A

DeQuervains tenosynovitis

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12
Q

The initial treatment options for DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis include (3)

A

1) NSAIDs 2) Splintage 3) Rest

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13
Q

The later treatment options for DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis include (2)

A

1) Steroid injection 2) Decompression surgery

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14
Q

Dupuytren’s contracture is a pathology of the palmar fascia or palmar tendons?

A

Palmar fascia

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15
Q

Dupuytren’s contracture is generally painless. True/false?

A

True

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16
Q

Infection of the nail-fold is termed

A

Paronychia

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17
Q

Flexor tendon sheath infection is a surgical emergency. True/false?

A

True

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18
Q

Flexor tendon sheath infection treatment

A

Washout of tendon sheath immediately

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19
Q

Flexor tendon sheath infections are generally painless. True/false?

A

False - extremely painful

20
Q

Label all the missing parts of the nail

A

A = Lunula

B = Eponychium

C = Hyponchyium

22
Q

Boxer’s fracture is managed how?

A

Buddy strapping & early mobilisation

23
Q

What kind of finger condition is this?

A

Mallet finger

24
Q

Treatment of mallet finger is how?

A

Splintage for 6 weeks

25
Bennett's fracture is where?
Base of 1st MCP joint
26
What are characteristics of a benign soft tissue lesion? (5)
1) Smaller (\<5cm) 2) Fluccuating in growth 3) Cystic / fluid filled 4) Well-defined 5) Soft/fatty
27
What are signs of a potentially malignant soft tissue swelling? (6)
1) Larger size (\>cm) 2) Rapid growth (no fluccuation) 3) Solid 4) Ill-defined / irregular surface 5) Systemic upset 6) Lymphadenopathy
28
What's a first-line investigation used in swellings which is useful to differentiate malignant from benign?
USS
29
Lipomas are usually malignant. True/False?
False
30
The commonest hand swelling is due to...
Ganglion Cyst
31
Common sites for ganglion cysts include (4)
1) Wrist 2) Foot 3) DIP joint 4) Ankle
32
A ganglion cyst located at the DIP is termed a
Mucous cyst
33
The second commonest hand swelling after ganglion cysts is
Giant cell tumour of the synovial tendon sheath
34
Ganglions are generally painful/painless. This helps differentiate them from giant cell tumours, true/false?
Painless - true (as giant cell tumours are usually painful)
35
What type of lesion is shown? How is it treated?
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (a tumour arising from synovium). Treated with synovectomy.
36
What's the risk of recurrence after pigmented villonodular synovitis is treated?
15%
37
Which type of lesion is this? Should it be excised?
Baker's Cyst. No exicision - very high recurrence rate.
38
Can inflammed bursae be excised as a form of treatment?
No, will continue to swell after removal
39
Which type of lesion is this? How is it caused?
Implantation dermoid - caused by a trauma which moves epithelial cells into the subcutaneous tissue forming a pseudocapsular reactive cyst
40
Which type of lesion is this? What are the defining features?
Epidermoid cyst. Noticeable by presence of punctum & keratin lining
41
This is an example of what? How is it treated?
Abscess - treated with incision and drainage (antibiotics will not penetrate pus)
42
Histocytoma is a malignant growth of what tissue type?
Fibrous
43
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant growth of which tissue type?
Skeletal muscle
44
Angiosarcoma is a malignant growth of which tissue type?
Blood vessel
45