Non-Arthritic Hand Flashcards
A mucous cyst is an outpouching of what fluid type?
Synovial (from DIP)
Mucous cysts are associated with which disorder?
OA
Mucous cysts can have which serious complication?
Destruction of nail bed
Ganglions are generally painful. True/false?
False - they may feel tight, however
Treatment options for ganglion cysts (3)
1) Waiting (self-limiting) 2) Aspiration 3) Excision note: “bible method” no longer recommended
Trigger finger is due to a tendon in which sheath being caught where? (2)
1) Flexor tendon sheath 2) A1 pulley
Trigger finger can be confused with which other hand condition?
Duputyren’s contracture
Trigger finger is often treated how?
Conservatively (splintage)
Can injections be used in trigger finger?
Yes
DeQuervains tenosynovitis is an inflammation of which tendons? (2)
1) Extensor pollicis brevis 2) Abductor pollcis longus
Finklestein’s Test assess for which condition?
DeQuervains tenosynovitis
The initial treatment options for DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis include (3)
1) NSAIDs 2) Splintage 3) Rest
The later treatment options for DeQuervain’s Tenosynovitis include (2)
1) Steroid injection 2) Decompression surgery
Dupuytren’s contracture is a pathology of the palmar fascia or palmar tendons?
Palmar fascia
Dupuytren’s contracture is generally painless. True/false?
True
Infection of the nail-fold is termed
Paronychia
Flexor tendon sheath infection is a surgical emergency. True/false?
True
Flexor tendon sheath infection treatment
Washout of tendon sheath immediately
Flexor tendon sheath infections are generally painless. True/false?
False - extremely painful
Label all the missing parts of the nail
A = Lunula
B = Eponychium
C = Hyponchyium
Boxer’s fracture is managed how?
Buddy strapping & early mobilisation
What kind of finger condition is this?
Mallet finger
Treatment of mallet finger is how?
Splintage for 6 weeks
Bennett’s fracture is where?
Base of 1st MCP joint
What are characteristics of a benign soft tissue lesion? (5)
1) Smaller (<5cm)
2) Fluccuating in growth
3) Cystic / fluid filled
4) Well-defined
5) Soft/fatty
What are signs of a potentially malignant soft tissue swelling? (6)
1) Larger size (>cm)
2) Rapid growth (no fluccuation)
3) Solid
4) Ill-defined / irregular surface
5) Systemic upset
6) Lymphadenopathy
What’s a first-line investigation used in swellings which is useful to differentiate malignant from benign?
USS
Lipomas are usually malignant. True/False?
False
The commonest hand swelling is due to…
Ganglion Cyst
Common sites for ganglion cysts include (4)
1) Wrist
2) Foot
3) DIP joint
4) Ankle
A ganglion cyst located at the DIP is termed a
Mucous cyst
The second commonest hand swelling after ganglion cysts is
Giant cell tumour of the synovial tendon sheath
Ganglions are generally painful/painless. This helps differentiate them from giant cell tumours, true/false?
Painless - true (as giant cell tumours are usually painful)
What type of lesion is shown? How is it treated?
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (a tumour arising from synovium). Treated with synovectomy.
What’s the risk of recurrence after pigmented villonodular synovitis is treated?
15%
Which type of lesion is this? Should it be excised?
Baker’s Cyst. No exicision - very high recurrence rate.
Can inflammed bursae be excised as a form of treatment?
No, will continue to swell after removal
Which type of lesion is this? How is it caused?
Implantation dermoid - caused by a trauma which moves epithelial cells into the subcutaneous tissue forming a pseudocapsular reactive cyst
Which type of lesion is this? What are the defining features?
Epidermoid cyst. Noticeable by presence of punctum & keratin lining
This is an example of what? How is it treated?
Abscess - treated with incision and drainage (antibiotics will not penetrate pus)
Histocytoma is a malignant growth of what tissue type?
Fibrous
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant growth of which tissue type?
Skeletal muscle
Angiosarcoma is a malignant growth of which tissue type?
Blood vessel
