NMS II OSCE I- problems if positive

Question 1

adam’s test

Answer 1

structural scoliosis- scoliosis will go away

functional scoliosis- scoliosis will remain

Question 2

amoss sign

Answer 2

have to use upper body to get up, pain is elicited

Question 3

beevor’s sign

Answer 3

opposite abdominal weakness

Question 4

chest expansion test

Answer 4

spinal ankylosis, rib fracture, sprain/strain, etc

Question 5

forestier bowstring sign

Answer 5

muscle spasm, AS, pain inhibiting motion, stacking

Question 6

rib motion test

Answer 6

rib subluxation, muscle strain, pleuritis, fracture, arthridities

Question 7

schepelmann’s sign

Answer 7

concave side- neuralgia

convex side- myalgia/myofascitis

Question 8

antalgia

Answer 8

lean away- posterolateral herniated disc
lean toward- posteromedial herniated disc
lean forward- posterocentral (rhizal) herniated disc

Question 9

straight leg raiser

Answer 9

sciatica from lumbosacral lesion

potential SOL

Question 10

bragards sign

Answer 10

reproduction or increase in leg pain

Question 11

sicard’s sign

Answer 11

irritation of L5 NR MC, L4 or S1 can also be irritated

Question 12

bechterew’s test

Answer 12

if SLR is positive, then this should be positive as well

if not, maybe suspect exageration of symptoms

Question 13

slump test

Answer 13

disc bulge or herniation

Question 14

crossed straight leg raiser

Answer 14

symptoms at same level of SLR- posteromedial IVD bulge or herniation
symptoms at increased angle- posteromedial IVD bulge or herniation first, maybe posterolateral bulge or herniation

Question 15

fajersztajn’s test

Answer 15

pain at same angle as braggard’s, potential posteromedial IVD bulge or herniation
pain at greater angle than braggard’s- potential posterolateral bulge or herniation

Question 16

cox sign

Answer 16

SOL, IVF encroachment, radiculopathy, nerve root, tension, sciatica

Question 17

ely’s test

Answer 17

radiating pain- femoral nerve or upper lumbar spinal NR compession
localized pain- quadriceps muscle contracture

Question 18

femoral nerve traction test

Answer 18

radiating pain to groin may indicate L1 NR radiculopathy

radiating pain to anterior mid-thigh may indicate L3 NR radiculopathy

Question 19

heel/toe walking test

Answer 19

can’t walk on heels- L5 problem, L4 IVD

can’t walk on toes- S1 problem, L5 IVD (MC)

Question 20

kemps test

Answer 20

NR irritation or IVD herniation
radiculopathy
local pain with slight rotation or on convex side- capsulitis
local pain on extension or concave side- facet problem
general pain at waist- lumbar spine sprain/strain
radiating leg pain with flexion- IVD lesion

Question 21

kernig

Answer 21

meningitis

Question 22

brudzinski

Answer 22

meningitis

Question 23

lasegue

Answer 23

hip pain: hip pathology
thigh or leg pain: radiculopathy
bilateral: tight hamstrings

Question 24

lindner’s

Answer 24

seated: cervical myelopathy, meningitis
supine: meningitis

Question 25

milgram’s

Answer 25

low back: herniation or lumbar sprain/strain

no pain: weak core muscles

Question 26

minor’s sign

Answer 26

SI joint lesion
L5 strain/sprain
lumbo-pelvic fracture
IVD syndrome
muscular dystrophy
sciatica

Question 27

nachalas

Answer 27

radiating: femoral nerve or lumbar NR compression
localized: quad contracture

Question 28

quick test

Answer 28

pain/locking/creptus in low back, hips, knees or ankles

Question 29

bilateral leg lowering test

Answer 29

lumbosacral sprain/strain
facet syndrome
IVD lesion