NMBA Dosages Flashcards
Succinylcholine (alternate name):
Anectine
Succinylcholine structure:
2 Ach molecules
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
highly ionized, water soluble
Succinylcholine MOA:
- Mimics Ach
- Produces a sustained depolarization of post junctional membrane causing a single contraction
- Causes skeletal muscle paralysis, inactivates Na+ channels
- Succ blocks Ach from being able to bind to receptor
- Will not be metabolized by acetylcholinesterase
Succinylcholine Onset:
IV: 30-60 sec IM: 1-3 min
Succinylcholine Duration of action:
IV: 3-10 min IM: 5-10 min
Succinylcholine Metabolism:
Plasma Cholinesterase
Succinylcholine IV intubation dose:
IV: 1 mg/kg (intubation)
Succinylcholine IM intubation dose:
1.5-3 mg/kg + anticholinergic
Succinylcholine side effects:
- Myalgias
- Increase IOP
- Increase ICP
- Hyperkalemia
- Bradycardia
Succinylcholine Contraindications / cautions
- Avoid in Neuro patients (upregulation of receptors)
- Avoid in high K
- Malignant Hyperthermia trigger
- Avoid in burn patients, sepsis
- No reversal
- Inhalational anesthetics decrease dose needed (25-50%)
Rocuronium (alternate name)
Zemuron
Rocuronium Structure:
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
Aminosteroid
Quaternary ammoinum group
Hydroxyl group
Rocuronium MOA:
- Competitive antagonist, binds to alpha subunit of nicotinic receptor
- Only needs to bind to 1 alpha subunit
- Channels will not open
- Action potential will not propagate
- Skeletal muscle paralysis
Rocuronium Onset:
30-60 sec (RSI dose)
Rocuronium Duration of action:
30-60 min
Rocuronium PB:
30%
Rocuronium Metabolism:
60% biliary unchanged
40% really unchanged,
Minimal hepatic
Rocuronium IV induction dose:
IV: 0.6-1 mg/kg (generally 1 mg/kg, induction)
Rocuronium IV RSI dose:
IV: 1.2 mg/kg (RSI)
Rocuronium IV maintenance dose:
IV: 0.06-0.6 mg/kg (maintenance)
Rocuronium IV defasiculating dose:
IV: 5-10 mg (defasiculating)
Rocuronium Side effects:
- CV stable
- Does not cross placenta
- Does not cross BBB
- Paralysis
- Transient hypotension
Rocuronium Contraindications / cautions:
- Previous Allergic rxn
- Do not administer without sedating patient
- Caution in renal disease
- Caution in hepatic disease
- Inhalational anesthetics decrease dose needed (25-50%)
Vecuronium (alternate name):
Norcuron
Vecuronium structure:
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
Amino steroid
Quaternary ammonium group
Vecuronium MOA:
- Antagonist
- Competitively binds to alpha subunit of nicotinic receptor
- Blocks Ach from attaching
- Channels cannot open
- Action potential cannot occur
Vecuronium Onset:
3 min
Vecuronium duration of action:
30-60 min
Vecuronium PB:
60%
Vecuronium Metabolism:
40% hepatic,
40% in bile unchanged,
20% really
Vecuronium IV induction dose:
IV: 0.08-0.1 mg/kg (up to 20 mg)
Vecuronium IV maintenance dose:
IV: 0.01-0.05 mg/kg (maintenance)
Vecuronium IV defasiculating dose:
IV: 0.5 mg (defasiculating)
Vecuronium side effects:
- CV stable
- Does not cross placenta
- Does not cross BBB
- Paralysis
- ED95 = 0.03mg/kg
Vecuronium Contraindications / cautions:
- Do not administer without sedation
- Do not give if previous allergic reaction
- Caution in hepatic disease
- Caution in renal disease
- Inhalational anesthetics decrease dose needed (25-50%)
Cisatracurium (alternate name):
Nimbex
Cisatracurium structure:
Benzoisoquinolinium
Quaternary ammonium group
Stereoisomer of atricurium
Cisatracurium MOA:
- Antagonist
- Competitively binds to alpha subunit of nicotinic receptor
- Blocks Ach from attaching
- Channels cannot open
- Action potential cannot occur
Cisatracurium Onset:
3 min
Cisatracurium duration of action:
30-60 min
Cisatracurium PB:
not successfully studied - rapid degredation
Cisatracurium Metabolism:
Hoffman elimination and plasma esterases
Cisatracurium IV intubation dose:
IV: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg (intubation)
Cisatracurium IV maintenance dose:
IV: 0.05-0.1 mg/kg (maintenance)
Cisatracurium IV defasiculating dose:
IV: 1-2 mg (defasiculating )
Cisatracurium side effects:
- CV stable
- Does not cross placenta
- Does not cross BBB
- Paralysis
- Degrades without renal or hepatic intervention
Cisatracurium Contraindications / cautions:
- Do not administer without sedating patient
- Do not give if previous allergic rxn
- pH important (hoffmans)
- Thermoregulation important (hoffmans)
- Inhalational anesthetics decrease dose needed (25-50%)