Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology 1 > Induction Agent Dosages > Flashcards

Induction Agent Dosages Flashcards

1
Q

Propofol (alternate name)

A

Diprivan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Propofol structure:

A

Sedative/hypnotic
2, 6 diisopropylphenol
Lipid soluble, weak acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Propofol MOA:

A
  1. GABA-A agonist (Beta subunit)
  2. Decreases rate of dissociation of GABA from receptor increasing the duration of chloride channel opening
  3. Hyperpolarizes cell
  5. Also inhibits NMDA, stimulates glycine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Propofol Onset:

A

30-60 sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Propofol duration of action:

A

5-15 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Propofol PB:

A

98%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Propofol metabolism:

A

CYP3A4, 2B6
60% liver,
30% kidneys,
10% lungs/small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Propofol IV induction dose:

A

IV: 1-2.5 mg/kg (induction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Propofol IV drip dose:

A

IV: 50-300 mcg/kg/min (maintenance drip)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Propofol IV Sedation drip dose:

A

IV: 25-75 mcg/kg/min (sedation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Propofol IV antiemetic dosing:

A

IV: 10 mcg/kg/min or
10-20 mg q5-10 min (antiemetic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Propofol side effects:

A
  1. Decreased BP (25-40%)
  2. Decreased SV
  3. Decreased CO
  4. Decreased CBF
  5. Decreased CMRO2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Propofol Contraindications / cautions:

A
  1. Crosses Placenta
  2. Decrease in elderly
  3. Discard after 6 hr of drawing up
  4. Do not mix with other agents (PE risk)
  5. Painful injection (Ph? Propylene glycol?)
  6. Myoclonus
  7. Bradycardic death
  8. Green urine – benign
  9. increased Lipid levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Etomidate (alternate name):

A

Amidate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Etomidate structure:

A

Non-barbiturate hypnotic
imidazole derivative
ester, base, water soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Etomidate MOA:

A
  1. GABA-A agonist (Beta subunit)
  2. Decreases rate of dissociation of GABA from receptor increasing the duration of chloride channel opening
  3. Hyperpolarizes cell
17
Q

Etomidate onset:

A

30-60 sec

18
Q

Etomidate duration of action:

A

5-15 min

19
Q

Etomidate PB:

A

75%

20
Q

Etomidate metabolism:

A

Hepatic ester hydrolysis to ethyl alchohol

21
Q

Etomidate IV dose:

A

IV: 0.2-0.6 mg/kg (do not exceed 20 mg, induction)

22
Q

Etomidate side effects:

A
  1. Most CV stable (maintains coronary perfusion)
  2. Myoclonus
  3. PONV (30-40%)
  4. Adrenocortical suppression
  5. Decrease ICP
23
Q

Etomidate Contraindications / cautions:

A
  1. Painful injection (Propylene glycol)
  2. Hiccups
  3. Avoid in pt with chronic steroid use
  4. Avoid in long surgeries (increased stress response)
  5. Avoid if previous anaphylaxis
24
Q

Ketamine (alternate name):

A

Ketalar

25
Q

Ketamine structure:

A

Disociative hypnotic
Phencyclidine derivative
Cyclohexanone hydrochloride
base, lipid soluble

26
Q

Ketamine MOA:

A
  1. NMDA noncompetitive antagonist (glutamate normally stimulates opening and permeability to calcium, potassium, and sodium)
  2. mu, delta, kappa Opioid agonist
  4. Cholinergic receptor agonist (salivation)
  5. Also acts on MAO – inhibits 5Ht, dopamine & NE reuptake
27
Q

Ketamine onset:

A

IV: 30-60 sec IM: 2-4 min

28
Q

Ketamine duration of action:

A

10-20 min

29
Q

Ketamine PB:

A

12%

30
Q

Ketamine metabolism:

A

CYP3A4, 2B6
hepatic demethylation to norketamine

31
Q

Ketamine IV induction dose:

A

IV: 0.5-2 mg/kg

32
Q

Ketamine IM induction dose:

A

IM: 4-8 mg/kg

33
Q

Ketamine IV maintenance dose:

A

IV: 5-10 mg boluses up to 0.5 mg/kg throughout procedure

34
Q

Ketamine IV sedation/analgesia dose:

A

IV: 0.2-0.5 mg/kg q 2-3 min (sedation/analgesia)

35
Q

Ketamine IM sedation/analgesia dose:

A

IM: 2-4 mg/kg (sedation/analgesia)

36
Q

Ketamine side effects:

A
  1. Bronchodilation
  2. Tachycardia
  3. Dissociative state
  4. Increased salivation
  5. Nystagmus
37
Q

Ketamine Contraindications / cautions:

A
  1. Avoid in open eye injury
  2. Avoid in increased ICP
  3. Avoid in pulmonary hypertension
  4. Does not block pharyngeal/laryngeal reflex
  5. Avoid as sole anesthetic for CAD (myocardial depressant)
  6. Emergence delirium
  7. Minimal effect on respiratory drive (minimal apnea risk)
  8. Inhibits NE reuptake (increased BP, increased HR, increased CO)
  9. Always give Versed as well
  10. Don’t give to schizophrenia patients
  11. May cause hypotension in catecholamine depleted pts

Pharmacology 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions