nineteen

Question 1

Pupil:

Answer 1

The opening in the eye that allows light to enter and reach the retina.

Question 2

Iris:

Answer 2

A circular muscle that controls the size of the pupil to regulate the amount of light entering the eye.

Question 3

Retina:

Answer 3

he internal lining of the rear two-thirds of the eye
responsible for converting images into electrical impulses that are then sent to the Brian

Question 4

Fovea:

Answer 4

responsible for the least distorted and sharpest visual images.

Question 5

Optic Nerve

Answer 5

composed of the axons of retinal ganglion cells, this structure carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain.

Question 6

Muscles of the Eye:

Answer 6

• The eye is equipped with six extraocular muscles that insert into the sclera.
  -These muscles allow for precise eye movement within its orbit.

Question 7

Rods all contain the same

Answer 7

photopigment

Question 8

cones vary in

Answer 8

photopigment sensitivity
allowing for color discrimination.

Question 9

Blind Spot:

Answer 9

here retinal ganglion cell axons exit the retina lacks photoreceptors, rendering it incapable of sensing light.
-ur brain seamlessly “fills in” these gaps in our visual field

Question 10

Blood vessels originate from the

Answer 10

optic disk
-where optic nerve fibers (axons of retinal ganglion cells) exit the retina, forming the optic nerve.

Question 11

optic disk is in the

Answer 11

nasal hemiretina

Question 12

left optic nerve is severed

Answer 12

vision in the left eye is completely lost

loss of the left peripheral vision.

Question 13

• Transecting the optic chiasm results in

Answer 13

a loss of peripheral vision bilaterally.

Question 14

left optic tract leads to

Answer 14

a complete loss of vision in the right visual hemifield.

Question 15

axons of ganglion cells are initially referred to as the optic nerve before crossing at the optic chiasm, After crossing, they are termed

Answer 15

the optic tract.

Question 16

The superior colliculus contains a

Answer 16

retinotopic map of visual space,
-neurons dedicated to analyzing the central visual field.

Question 17

• The LGN is the primary target for

Answer 17

most retinal ganglion cell axons.

Question 18

the flow of visual information

Answer 18

optic nerve, optic chiasm optic nerve

Question 19

Within the ecstasy group, participants who experienced hallucinations had a significantly lower

Answer 19

phosphene threshold compared to those who did not hallucinate.

Question 20

consideration within the extasy study

Answer 20

Did ecstasy usage cause some participants to develop a more excitable primary visual cortex, or did participants who hallucinated already have a more excitable primary visual cortex before taking ecstasy?

Question 21

• Most sensory information passes through

Answer 21

the thalamus en route to the cortex.

Question 22

what can lead to perceived sensations, such as hallucinations and tinnitus.

Answer 22

Spontaneous neural activity