Nickel Flashcards
what is a very toxic form of nickel that is poisonous
Ni + CO = nickel carbonyl Ni(CO)4
how is Ni(CO)4 taken into the body
via inhalation
where does Nickel compounds accumulate
within connective tissue of the lungs
what is the clearance rate of Nickel compounds + why
slow bc they accumulate within connective tissue of the lungs
how long can Nickel compound intoxication occur + initial symptoms
hours or days after exposure, initially mild symptoms (headache, dizziness, nausea)
what causes primary Nickel compound toxicity
glutathione depletion and binding to sulfhydryl groups
where is primary injury from Nickel compounds
alveoli
when does maximum damage occur to alveoli with Nickel compound exposure
4-6 days after exposure
what can happen with heavy Nickel compound exposure
progress to pneumonia, respiratory failure, cerebral edema and death
where are Nickel compounds carcinogenic
in the respiratory system - nasal (large particles) and lungs (small particles)
what happens when Nickel compounds get to the target cells
they are phagocytized then stored in acidic vacuoles (lysosomes) which release the nickel
what happens when Nickel is released in the target cells
high intracellular concentration in cytoplasm (insoluble) and nucleus (soluble)
where in the cell does insoluble Ni go
in the cytoplasm
where in the cell does soluble Ni go
in the nucleus
what does clastogenic mean
they disrupt and break chromosomes
