NICE Flashcards
How else can you distinguish aux verbs?
Negation Inversion Code Emphasis Lex verbs don’t have these.
What is negation?
Negation – in negative sentences, ‘not’ is inserted after the (first) auxiliary
If there is no auxiliary, do-support is again use
Contracted form attaches to the auxiliary
Give an example of negation with the dummy support/do
He did not eat.
Give an example of negation with contracted form.
I can’t go outside.
Rups hasn’t done the work.
J doesn’t like plants.
What is inversion?
Inversion – in question structures, the left-most auxiliary inverts with the subject, e.g.
He has been commuting to work= Has he been commuting to work?
In sentences that do not have any auxiliaries, do-support is used
He commutes to work=Does he commute to work?
What is code?
Auxiliaries can be used to refer back to content previously mentioned in the discourse
This is known as ellipsis, e.g.
He hasn’t been to London but I have [been to London]
They don’t want to go, but he does [want to go]
Should I recycle that paper? Yes you should [recycle that paper]
The auxiliary ‘codes’ the ellipted content
What is the emphasis part of NICE?
Auxiliaries carry emphatic stress to emphasise the verb group meaning and confirm that something is the case
I HAVE tidied my room
He IS talking to her again
You SHOULD do the training
They MUST bring their certificates
Do-support is also used for emphasis (if there is no auxiliary)
He DOES live in Manchester
We can change the verb group in terms of
Tense
Aspect
Mood
Voice
BE HAVE and DO can only have NICE properties when
used as auxiliaries
give an ex of BE form in NICE
Which word form can NICE properties as lexical and aux
BE
