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medical tingz > Nhs 60-100 > Flashcards

Nhs 60-100 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Clinical governance

A

Is a set of principles and behaviours that all doctors should adhere to to in order to ensure that they offer patients the best quality clinical care

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2
Q

Clinical governance 1

A

Their practice is compliant with the latest evidence and keep up to date with their practices to meet guidelines and new evidence from research

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3
Q

Clinical governance 2

A

Doctors should provide safe care to their patients and ensure not to but patients at risk

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4
Q

Clinical governance 3

A

Doctors should recognise that they have reach their capacity and ask for help

Doctors should develop their skills

Doctors should be attentive to patients needs

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5
Q

The audit process

A

Are system examinations of current practice to assess how well an institution or a practitioner is performing against set standards essentially it is a method for reflecting on reviewing and improving practice
Audits are fundamental part of duties of doctors and ensure that doctors are compliant with guidelines

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6
Q

Why are audits important

A

Identifies weakness

Identifies inefficiencies

And ultimately save resources

Provide training and editing

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7
Q

How do audits work

A
  1. Choose a topic for the audit
  2. Define a standard that you would like to achieve
  3. Collect data
  4. compare results of analysis against standard
  5. Identify changes and implement changes and request
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8
Q

Mid Staffordshire nhs scandals

A

Patients were unhappy with the care given at the hospitals and led to the campaign of cure the nhs

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9
Q

The healthcare commission report

A

In the mid Staffordshire report it included
Poor nursing
Lack of effective management systems for emergencies
Failure to identify and act on high mortality’s rates for emergencies patients

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10
Q

The first Francis enquiry

A

The bullying culture which led to patients being ignored

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11
Q

Board failures

A

The board failed to appreciate the issues and react to slowly to the problems. High mortality rates were due to coding issues

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12
Q

Staff related issues

A

Too few consultants and nurses
Change in management so lack of leadership
Lack of attention to patients
Poor communication

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13
Q

Cultural issues

A

Patients concern about asking for help
Phone use in patients
Low staff morale

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14
Q

Second Francis enquiries

A 
Issues included
No patients first
Bullying
Secrecy
Doctors not speaking up to patients
Gp not raising a concern etc
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15
Q

Changes due to second Francis

A

Focus on training to be compassionate
Patient safety
One person should be in charge of a person care

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16
Q

Autonomy

A

Patients are entitled to their own opinion

Patients cannot demand for the treatment that they want but they can refuse treatment

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17
Q

Beneficence

A

Best patient interests

18
Q

Non-malevolence

A

Not to harm a patients

19
Q

Justice

A

Fairness to all patients

20
Q

Confidentially

A

Not revealing info on patients

21
Q

Informed consent

A

Patients must consent to a procedure or a drugs
Option for treatment or management of the condition like refusing to treatment

Details of the planned procedure any costs that the patients may incur

Info of secondary intervention kk

22
Q

Information

A

Patients should be given any appropriate written information such as leaflets explaining the procedure it’s risk and benefits

Only competent patients can give consent

Implied consent as their are many procedures that are done

23
Q

Implied consent

A

Only applies to simple tasks and roles with no major risk

24
Q

Competence of patients

A

Consent can only be received from competence patient

The capacity to consent for medical treatment needs to be assessed in

25
Q

Adults

A

16+ are assumed to be able to consent to all treatment if their do not have any serious mental disorder no other party can consent to them

If the patent has not indicated their. Choose but the doctor must act in the patients best interest

The patients have told earlier

26
Q

Under 16

A

They can consent if they are mature enough to understand l. Doctors must consult with guardians before hand if the child refuses guardian involvement then they have the right to not mention the patients

27
Q

Under 16!compentamve

A

Gillick competence

28
Q

Relating to procedure

A

A ten year old can accept the use of antiseptics but not to do
Amptutation

29
Q

Best interest

A

A child cannot refuse for cancer surgery if their parents said yes

30
Q

Parents and the child

A

If the parents refuse for the treatment then that will save the child’s life then the doctor can act in their best interest

31
Q

Thes rules do not apply to

A

Scotland children can refuse treatment

32
Q

Confidentiality duty

A

Cannot tell info unless implied consent have been given by the patient

Information needed by the court

In the best interest in the public

33
Q

Examples of confidentiality breaching

A

Child abuse

HIV status to sexual partner

34
Q

Euthanisia

A

Active euthanasia ending someone’s life by poisons etc

Passive euthanasia is pulling the life support

Voluntary euthanasia is when the person asks

Non voluntary is when they cannot give consent

Involuntary do not wish to do

35
Q

Assisted suicide

A

When someone commits sucicide with someone’s help

36
Q

The Swiss connection

A

There are institutions abroad where people go to get euthanised with a cocktail of drugs

37
Q

For Euthanasia

A

Patients choice
Lengthy suffering
Free up beds
dignity in death

38
Q

Arguements

A 
Against religious principles 
Change in mind
People may recover
Murder charges
Pressure to euthanise self
39
Q

Legality in euthanasia

A

Illegal to do euthanasia and assisted sucicide

People who do such as convicted for manslaughter m

40
Q

Ethical dilemma for doctors

A

Doctors may be confronted by situations where they may need to draw treatment from an individual such action potentially kill a patients

This treatment is ineffective and not in the best interest in the patients

medical tingz (29 decks)

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