Newtonian world and astrophysics: Oscilations

Question 1

for a spring oscillating, define displacement

Answer 1

vector distance from the equlibrium position

Question 2

for a spring oscillating, define amplitude

Answer 2

maximum displacement from the equilibrium position

Question 3

for a spring oscillating, define the time period

Answer 3

the time taken for one complete oscilation

Question 4

What equation links angular frequency and time period

Answer 4

ω= 2π/T

Question 5

what is the primary condition for SHM

Answer 5

acceleration must be proportional to displacement and act in the opposing direction

Question 6

what constant links acceleration and displacement

Answer 6

-ω^2

Question 7

what are the functions of displacement in terms of t and ω

Answer 7

x=Acos(tω)
x=Asin(tω)

Question 8

what is the equation to fnf the maximum speed of an oscilating system

Answer 8

v(max)=ωA

Question 9

what is damping

Answer 9

damping is where the amplitude of oscilations reduces over time by losing energy to its surroundings by drag or frictional forces

Question 10

what is the difference between free and forced oscillations

Answer 10

When an object oscillates without any external forces, it oscillates at its natural frequency. forced oscillations occurs when a periodic driving force is applied to an object which results in it oscillating at a particular frequency

Question 11

define resonance

Answer 11

when driving frequency = natural frequency, the amplitude of oscillation increases