Newtonian world and astrophysics: Ideal gases Flashcards
how many particles are there in a mole and what is it known as
6.02x10^23, Avogadro’s constant
what are the 5 assumptions of ideal gas behaviour
The gas contains a very large number of atoms or molecules moving in random directions with random speeds
The atoms or molecules of the gay occupy a negligible volume compared with the volume of the gas
The collisions of atoms or molecules with each other and the container walls are perfectly elastic
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The time of collisions between the atoms or molecules is negligible compared to the time between collisions
Electrostatic forces between atoms or molecules are negligible except during collisions
describe the proportion between pressure and volume for an ideal gad
p∝1/V
Describe the proportion between pressure and temperature for an ideal gas
p∝T
What is the equation of an ideal gas
pV=nRT where n is the number of moles and R is the molar gas constant
what is the alternate way to write the ideal gas equation pV=nRT
pV=NkT where N is the number of particles and k is the Boltzmann constant
how do you find the r.m.s speed for a known sample
square the speeds, take the mean and root the answer
what equation links volume and m.s speed
pV=1/3 Nm(mean squared speed)
as the temperature of a gas increases what happens to the distribution of the speeds of the particle
the most probable speed increases and gets wider however the number of particles with a speed v reduces as there is a wider spread of speeds
what is the Boltzmann constant defined as
molar gas constant/ Avogadro constant
what 2 equations do you use to link kinetic energy to temperature
pV=1/3Nm(mean quared speed)
pV=NkT
if atoms of different mass have the same kinetic energy, how does speed vary
the heavier atoms have a lower speed
define internal energy
the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of the particles inside the gas
