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Step 2 CK > Newborn, Well Child > Flashcards

Newborn, Well Child Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 types of newborns susceptible to polycythemia Vera?

A

Small for gestational age, large for gestational age, DM.

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2
Q

Most common cause of new born polycythemia. How does this correct itself ?

A

Due to cord clamping -> kidney raises epo. Once the baby starts to breathe -> epo goes down.

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3
Q

Test? Rx? Present with crepitus and assymetric moro reflex.

A

Shoulder dystocia, clavicular fracture. X-ray. Immobilize.

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4
Q

Rash on palms and soles, frontal bossing, Hutchinson 8th palsy, saddle nose. Dx? Test? Rx?

A

Late congenital Syphilis. Initial test: VDRL/RPR and FTA/ABS is Confirmatory. Most Accurate Test is Dark Field Microscopy to check for the spirochete. Rx: IV Pen G or Doxycycline.

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5
Q

Painless Asymptomatic Flank Mass with Painless Hematuria, HTN and Aniridia. Can occur at any age during childhood (2-5 years of life.). Dx? Test? Rx?

A

Wilms tumor (Most common primary neoplasm of Childhood). Do Abdominal US first. CT confirms. Rx: Surgery, Chemo and Radiation.

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6
Q

Involves the adrenal glands but a turmor of the sympathetic ganglia. Newborns present with Painful or Painless Abdominal Mass. Myoclonus, Diarrhea, Hypokalemia. Occurs in the FIRST 2 years of life Dx? Test?

A

Neuroblastoma. AXR can reveal calcifications. Test: Elevated urinary levels of VMA, HVA confirms.

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7
Q

What is commonly associated with Cryptorchidism? Rx?

A

Testicular cancer. Surgical correction after 6 months if testes have not descended.

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8
Q

Baby presents with conjunctival injection on day 0. Dx? Rx?

A

Chemical irritation from Prophylaxis Rx. Occurs in developing countries.

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9
Q

Baby presents with conjunctival injection on days 2-7. Dx? Rx?

A

Neissria Gonorrhea. Rx with Ceftriaxone.

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10
Q

Baby presents with conjunctival injection on days 7-21. Dx? Rx?

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis. ORAL erythromycin.

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11
Q

Baby presents with conjunctival injection after days 21. Dx? Rx?

A

Herpes Simplex Systemic. Acyclovir or Topical Vidarabine.

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12
Q

Name 3 things that would indicate poor breast feeding.

A

Less than 6 wet diapers a day, less then 7 feedings a day. >10% drop in weight.

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13
Q

Ruddy, plethoric, jaundice, macrosomic, cardiomegaly Renal Vein Thrombosis. Lazy left colon syndrome. Dx? Rx?

A

Gestational Diabetic Baby. Give IV glucose (dextrose) if hypoglycemic. Taper down to decrease insulin levels.

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14
Q

What does APGAR stand for? What is normal?

A

Appearence, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration. 7-10 is normal.

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15
Q

Diffuse swelling of the soft tissues of the scalp that CROSSES SUTURE LINES.

A

Caput Succedaneum.

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16
Q

Diffuse swelling fo the soft tissues of the scalp that DOES NOT CROSS SUTURE LINES. What can this condition generate?

A

Cephalohematoma. Jaundice, common cause of neonatal jaundice.

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17
Q

Firm, white papules; inclusion cyst Dx?

A

Milia

18
Q

Lacy Reticulated Vascular Pattern over most of the body when the baby is cooled, improves over the first month. Mottling of the skin. Dx?

A

Cutis Marmorata.

19
Q

Pale, pink vascular macules on the forehead that get worse when the baby cries Dx?

A

Salmon Patch

20
Q

Blue to slate gray macules. Mostly seen in non white infants. Dx?

A

Mongolian Spots

21
Q

Erythematous papules on face due to High Maternal Androgen. Dx?

A

Neonatal Acne.

22
Q

Cyst lateral to midline? What is it medial to midline?

A

Brachial cleft cyst. Thyroglossal duct cyst.

23
Q

Painless benign fluid filled that transilluminates. Dx? Rx?

A

Hydrocele. Rx: Drain

24
Q

Ventral opening of penis? Dorsal opening of penis? Rx?

A

Hypospadias. Epispadias. Surgery for both.

25
Q

Symptoms occur with introduction of feeds of the Newborn. Leukocytosis, Increase RR and HR. Pneumotosis intestinalis is seen on AXR. Dx? Rx?

A

Necrotizing enterocolitis. IVF, NPO, NG, Abx. Surgical resection of necrotic bowel.

26
Q

Occurs due to Glucorinidase present in some breast milk which prevents the liver from the breaking down of Bilirubin (factors in milk inhibit liver enzymes.) This has a Genetic Predisposition. Infants become Jaundice in the first 2 weeks of life.

A

Breast Milk Jaundice.

27
Q

Premature newborn presents with RDS, Apnea, Lethargy, Seizures and Bulging Fontanelle. Dx? Test? What should all infants get to check for this.

A

Intraventricular Hemorrhage (Rupture of the germinal matrix blood vessels due to hypoxic or hypotensive injury. All neonates should get Cranial US.

28
Q

Squamous Metaplasia and Hypertrophy of the small airways in premature infants. Dx? Rx?

A

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

29
Q

A condition that occurs in utero, mainly seen in Post-Term Infants. Meconium is passed and as a result newborns develop hypoxia. Dx? Test? Rx? Complication (2)?

A

Meconium Aspiration. Do CXR and shows patchy infiltrates and flattening of the diaphragm. Give PEEP. Can lead to Pulmonary HTN and Pneumonitis.

30
Q

Baby is not nursing well and not getting many calories and is Jaundice!!. Dx? Rx?

A

Breast feeding jaundice. Rehydrate baby.

31
Q

Cutaneous lesions on Palms and Soles, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, anemia and rhinorrhea

A

Early Congenital Syphilis. Late is Saber Shins and Hutchinson teeth and Keratitis.

32
Q

1 month name the Gross motor, fine motor, language and social milestone.

A
  1. Raises head from prone position 2. Tracks to midline 3. Alerts to sound 4. Regards face
33
Q

3 months name the gross motor, fine motor, language and social milestones.

A
  1. Hold heads up 2. Tracks in circles 3. Coos 4. Anticipates feeling
34
Q

6 months name the gross motor, fine motor, lang and social milestones.

A
  1. Sits up right 2. Transfers objects 3. Babbles 4. Stranger anxiety
35
Q

9 months name the gross, fine, lang and social milestones.

A
  1. Crawls, pulls, stands 2. Immature pincer graps 3. Mama and Dada non specific 3. Plays pat-a-cake
36
Q

12 months name the gross, fine, lang and social milestones.

A
  1. Walks alone 2. Uses mature pincer grip 3. mama and dad specific 4. Imitates actions, comes when called
37
Q

24 months name the gross, fine, lang, and social milestones.

A
  1. Walks up and down steps without help 2. Turn pages 1 at a time 3. Knows 200 words, uses 2 word sentences 4. Engages in parallel play
38
Q

Age 3 name the gross, fine, lang and social milestones.

A
  1. Tricycle 2. copies circle 3. Knows 300 words and 3 word sentences 4.Engages in group play
39
Q

Age 5 name the gross fine, lang and social milestones.

A
  1. Jumps over obstacles 2. Copies triangle, tells stories 3. Prints first name 4. Abides by rules
40
Q

Slowed and steady steep drop off the growth curve?

A
  1. Constitutional Growth delay, genetic then they catch up with the rest of the population.

Step 2 CK (33 decks)

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