Newborn Exam -Yang

Question 1

What are the 3 initial steps in newborn resuscitation?

Answer 1

• thermal management (warm and dry infant)
• clearing the airway (nasal and oral suctioning)
• tactile stimulation (flick the feet and rub the chest to stimulate crying)

then ABCD

Question 2

When checking the umbilical cord of a newborn, what test should be ordered if there is only one umbilical artery?

Answer 2

-Renal ultrasound

more likely to have a renal malformation

Question 3

How many vessels should be in an umbilical cord?

Answer 3

3 (2 arteries and 1 vein)

Question 4

What can grunting in a newborn indicate?

Answer 4

hypoxia –> grunt to try to inflate alveoli

Question 5

What are the components of an APGAR score? How are these scored?

Answer 5

• Appearance (Cyanotic=0, blue extremities=1, pink=2)
• Pulse (0=0, 100/min=2)
• Grimace (no response=0, grimace=1, cry=2)
• Activity (Limp=0, some flexion=1, active motion=2)
• Respiratory (absent=0, gasping/irregular=1, good=2)

Question 6

What are the components of an APGAR score? How are these scored?

Answer 6

• Appearance (Cyanotic=0, blue extremities=1, pink=2)
• Pulse (0=0, 100/min=2)
• Grimace (no response=0, grimace=1, cry=2)
• Activity (Limp=0, some flexion=1, active motion=2)
• Respiratory (absent=0, gasping/irregular=1, good=2)

Question 7

When should you record APGAR scores?

Answer 7

1 and 5 minutes after birth

-if 7

Question 8

A infant is delivered via c-section for breech presentation. Heart rate is 80 with irregular respiration, some flexion of the extremities, grimace with blue extremities. What is this infants APGAR?

Answer 8

5

Question 9

What can prophylactic erythromycin to the eyes treat in a newborn?

Answer 9

prophylaxis for gonorrhea conjunctivitis (NOT chlamydia)

Question 10

Who will have more skin creases, a premature infant or a full term baby?

Answer 10

full term

get more creases as get more mature

Question 11

What will the window test and scarf test findings be for a premature infant?

Answer 11

• window=wrist can creepily flex all the way down

- scarf test=arm can go past midline when drawn across upper chest

Question 12

What is acrocyanosis? Is this a normal finding?

Answer 12

• blue color of hands and feet with pink rest of body
• common and normal
• central cyanosis is NEVER normal

Question 13

What is the difference between Caput Succedaneum and Cephalhematoma?

Answer 13

• Caput= Diffuse, edematous,often dark swelling of the soft tissue of the scalp that extends across the midline and suture lines. May be seen after prolonged labor
• Cephalhematoma does not cross the suture lines. Seen in vacuum or forceps extraction

Question 14

What do you look for in the eyes of a newborn? Why?

Answer 14

• red reflex!

- check for congenital cataracts

Question 15

What can an ear deformity in a newborn indicate?

Answer 15

A kidney problem –> apparently ears and kidneys are from the same pouch

Question 16

What should be done if natal teeth are found?

Answer 16

they should be removed –> can be a choking hazard

Question 17

What can a hip click indicate? What is the treatment?

Answer 17

• developmental dysplasia of the hip (may also see asymmetrical leg folds)
• pavlock harness*

Question 18

What should NOT be done to a baby with hypospadia? Why?

Answer 18

Circumcision

have to use this to fix the problem