Newborn Flashcards
DEFINE: caput succadaneum
Diffuse superficial soft tissue swelling of the scalp; possible bruising; usually CROSSES SUTURE LINES; resolved in first few days after birth
DEFINE: cephalohematoma
Deep collection of blood in subperiosteal area; DOES NOT CROSS SUTURE LINES; MONITOR for HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; resolves weeks to months
DEFINE: craniotabes
Thinning of bone of scalp; normal variation of parietal bone; resolves spontaneously; INVESTIGATE (e.g. rickets) if PERSISTENT
DEFINE: nonphysiologic (pathological) jaundice
Jaundice that occurs too early (w/in 1st 24h), lasts too long (beyond 10-14d), or involves bilirubin levels that are too high
Peak age range for SIDS
1-4 months
Newborn skin conditions that require intervention
HSV
Nevus sebaceous
DEFINE: nevus sebaceous
Yellowish, hairless demarcated smooth plaque usually on head and neck
Why does nevus sebaceous require a referral to pediatric dermatology prior to adolescence?
Recommendation for total excision prior to adolescence as lesions are complicated by secondary malignancies during adulthood (mostly basal cell carcinoma)
At what age does an infant’s birth weight double?
6 months
What is the rate of growth over the first 6 months of life?
1 inch per month
When does the posterior fontanel close?
Between 6-8 weeks
Normal infant heart rate
80-160 bpm
DEFINE: breast milk physiologic jaundice
Elevated serum indirect bilirubin concentration with peak level occurring during 1st week of life in an infant drinking an adequate amount of breast milk (no other liver abnormality)
DEFINE: breastfeeding jaundice
Occurs in 1st 2-7 days of life in an infant with low levels of intake
How soon should a newborn pass meconium?
Within 48 hours
What does APGAR stand for?
Activity (muscle tone) Pulse Grimace (reflex irritability, response of skin stimulation to feet) Appearance (skin color) Respiration (effort)
When are APGAR scores taken?
1 minute and 5 minutes after birth
What is the tool used to estimate an infant’s gestational age after birth?
New Ballard Score
Name of suture between front of head and top of head
CORONAL SUTURE
Name of suture between left and right sides of head
SAGITTAL SUTURE
How fast do infants grow in length?
1 inch per month up to 6 months
How fast does head circumference increase?
1.5 cm per month up to 6 months,
then 0.5cm per month
How fast does weight increase?
5-7oz per week during first 6 months
weight doubles from birth by 6 months
slows over the next 6 months
weight triples from birth by 12 months
