New urban landscapes

Question 1

Define mixed- used developments.

Answer 1

a development that blends residential, commercial, cultural, institutional and industrial uses that are interconnected physically and also functionally- everything is a short walk from each other

Question 2

Define Cultural and heritage quarters.

Answer 2

planned areas that focus on the character and/ or history of an area

Question 3

Why is there Cultural and heritage quarters?

Answer 3

many cities across the UK has developed them to encourage growth and revitalise the local economy in the arts and creative industries

Question 4

Define fortress developments

Answer 4

When urban planners and architects defend areas by using planned and physical boundaries such as gated communities, shopping centers patrolled by private security guards

Question 5

What is a negative social impact of fortress developments?

Answer 5

they do not encourage social mixing as only similar higher income groups will tend to live in the same defended spaces

Question 6

Give an example of a negative impact of fortress developments in South Africa

Answer 6

• South Africa had high crime rates which led to more people living in gated communities
• This led to a Paralympic and Olympic sprinter fatally shooting his girlfriend as he had mistaken her as an intruder in his home withing a gated community

Question 7

Define gentrification.

Answer 7

a form of inner-city regeneration- usually involves the movement of affluent, young, middle-class people into traditionally run down (cheaper) areas of an inner city

Question 8

What happens when people move into the run down and cheaper areas of the city?

Answer 8

• money is invested
• property values increase
• positive multiplier effect
• local services upgrade
• corner shops into coffee shops, pubs into wine bars

Question 9

Give an example of a negative of the gentrification of an area.

Answer 9

Oxford- it is one of the least affordable cities in the UK (house prices 11x average local salary), gentrification widened the wealth gap

Question 10

Define edge cities

Answer 10

When suburban areas has matured into centers with city- like qualities because of the pace of suburbanisation. Edge cities are characterised by mixed office, residential and leisure spaces.