New Deal Flashcards
100 days
a “special session” of 100 days in which Roosevelt has almost dictatorial powers to pass laws without the approval of congress.
Things FDR needed to do urgently
- solve the banking crisis
- Jump start the economy
- Relief Recovery Reform
Alphabet Agencies
Relief Recovery and Reform program to combat the depression
AAA
Agriculture Adjustment Administration. Government offered money to slow production to raise the prices of goods
CCC
Civilian Conservation Corps. Aimed at unemployed young people 18-25. They did environmental projects
PWA
Public Works Administration. Granted $3.3 billion for new government buildings, highways, flood control, and transportation improvements
HOLC
Home Owners Loan Corporation. Purchased and refinanced mortgages. in exchange for mortgages they gave government bonds with interest.
FCA
Farm Credit Association. refinancing farm mortgages and offering credit under favourable terms.
CWA
Civil Works Administration. Created jobs for the unemployed to get over the winter of 1933-34 it gave the unemployed regular wages.
FERA
Federal Emergency Relief Administration. A group that decides if someone deserves emergency relief/grants.
NRA
National Recovery Administration. Representatives of business, labor, and government would draft agreements, or codes, of “fair” business and labor practices for each of the nation’s major industries.
TVA
Tennessee Valley Administration. Building hydroelectric dams. Achieving the unified development of industry, agriculture, flood control, and conservation throughout the entire watershed.
3 Rs
Relief Recovery Reform
Recovery
Revive economy by getting industry going and people into work again
Relief
help those in extreme poverty, feed starving, stop people losing homes. through grants etc.
Reform
Making the country better than it was before. eg pensions for old people, unemployment insurance, help for sick and needy
Second New Deal
1935-38. Focused more on reform. introduced WPA, Wagner act, Social Security act, Wealth Tax act
WPA
Improvement of the PWA. Also focused on promoting American culture through theatre, arts, literature etc.
Wagner Act
Allowing workers (except farmers and domestic workers) to form worker unions to have more power against employers
Social Security Act 1935
gives retired people over age 65 a continual income after retirement
Wealth tax act
to fund for the changes
Opposing groups
Republicans, Supreme Court, Businesses, Radical Opposition, States Rights Supporters
Why republicans opposed the new deal
too much power too much money given for seemingly menial tasks. WPA = We Piddle Around
Why supreme court opposed the new deal
critical of alphabet agencies and were the only ones who could stop them being passed.
Why Business Leaders opposed the new deal
With the introduction of trade unions business leaders had to listen more to their workers
Who thought the new deal didn’t do enough
Huey Long: taxing the super rich and giving each non super rich family between 4000-5000
New deal results: recovery
unemployment falls but budget cuts bring them back up a bit, budget cuts set the US back into recession in 1937 (over reliance). war time helped unemployment more than new deal. banks were no longer failing after the emergency bank act. Economy took longer to recover than European economies. never got back to 1920s levels of wealth.
New deal results: relief
quick response gave people hope. FERA helped poor providing $500 Mil. CCC provided young people with jobs. AAA stopped overproduction in farms. However, only 35% of the population actually received relief from the government
New deal results: reform
NRA improved working condition including outlawing child labour. Wagner act allowed unions. TVA transformed the area.Social security act and pensions. didn’t do so much on racial issues.
New deal results: other
giving the government more power and responsibility for the wellbeing of the people
