Neurotransmitter cycles

Question 1

Acetylecholine

Answer 1

Basic schema of classical neurotransmitter

Question 2

transmembrane Na

Answer 2

choline antiporter

Question 3

Ach is synthesized in

Answer 3

Cytosol

Question 4

Ach is synthesized into

Answer 4

choline with coenzyme A

Question 5

It is catalyzed by

Answer 5

choline acetyletransferase (ChAT)

Question 6

Ach is loaded into vesicles by

Answer 6

vesicular Ach transporter (VAChT)

Question 7

What ion drives process through anti port

Answer 7

H+

Question 8

how many molecules of Ach

Answer 8

10,000

Question 9

Acetylcholinesterase degradation involves

Answer 9

Choline + acetic acid

Question 10

Na+ dependent choline co-transpoerter moves

Answer 10

choline into presynaptic terminal

Question 11

General structure of the inotropic receptor is demonstrated by

Answer 11

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)

Question 12

Complete pentameric structure froms

Answer 12

Ion Pore and Ligand Binding sites

Question 13

Ach binds to…

Answer 13

alpha subunits

Question 14

Ach binding causes

Answer 14

conformational change in receptor opening ion pre

Question 15

Pore width is

Answer 15

larger than VGIC

Question 16

how many molecules of Ach are required to open channel protion of inotropic receptor

Answer 16

2

Question 17

Negatively charger amino acids at pore loop

Answer 17

initially attract ions

Question 18

general structure/function of metatropic receptor is typified by

Answer 18

muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

Question 19

CNS nAChR are not sensitive to

Answer 19

alpha-bungarotoxin (snake)

Question 20

activation causes variety of

Answer 20

slow postsynaptic responses

Question 21

Most important transmitter for normal function

Answer 21

glutamate

Question 22

Most excitatory neuron in CNS

Answer 22

glutamatergic

Question 23

Head trauma and ischemia can cause

Answer 23

glutamate induced excitotoxicity

Question 24

Ischemia

Answer 24

restricted blood flow to certain area of body

Question 25

glutamine cycle

Question 26

Synthesized from glutamine by

Answer 26

glutaminase in cytosol

Question 27

Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT)

Answer 27

loads vesicles

Question 28

glutamate is removed from synapse by

Answer 28

excitatory amino acids transporters (EAATs)

Question 29

glutamate co-transporter is dependent on

Answer 29

Na+

Question 30

EAATs are present in

Answer 30

glial cells

Question 31

glutamine sythekase converts

Answer 31

glutamate to glutamine

Question 32

SN1 transporter moves

Answer 32

glutamine out of glial cells

Question 33

SAT2 moves glutamine into

Answer 33

presynaptic neuron

Question 34

AMPA receptors produce

Answer 34

large EPSPs

Question 35

AMPA are primarily responsible for

Answer 35

excitatory transmission in the brain

Question 36

NMA receptors produce

Answer 36

smaller but long-lasting EPSP

Question 37

Kainate receptors are

Answer 37

less defined

Question 38

Kainate produce EPSP that

Answer 38

quickly and decay slowly

Question 39

Kainate is found on

Answer 39

presynaptic terminal as feedback regulator

Question 40

Metabotropic receptors causes indirect influence on

Answer 40

postsynaptic neurons with typical GPCR influences

Question 41

Functional properties of AMPAR heteromers depend

Answer 41

the subunits composition

Question 42

AMPA have what shaped structure

Answer 42

Y-shaped

Question 43

AMPA receptors are

Answer 43

tetrameric