Neurotransmission Flashcards
What are the two steps in neurotransmission?
- Chemical
- Electrical
What are the ions inside cell?
- Positive Potassium ions
- Negative Proteins
What are the ions outside of the cell?
- Positive Sodium
- Negative Chloride
What do we rely on to keep the balance?
Sodium Potassium Pumps
What is hyperpolarization?
The membrane potential is exaggerated, so the difference between inside and outside is greater.
What is depolarization?
The membrane potential is diminished, so the difference between inside and outside is lessened.
How does the membrane potential change?
Channels and pores on the cell surface allow influx and efflux of ions.
What charge does (intracellular) the cell become during an action potential?
Positive.
How does an EPSP happen?
EPSP opens sodium ion channels and allows the influx of them into the dendrites.
How does an IPSP happen?
IPSP opens chloride ion channels and allows the influx of them into the dendrites.
What are the requirements for the summation of post-synaptic potentials?
- Spatial Summation: close together in space
- Temporal summation: close in time
Do inputs only attach at the dendrites?
No, they can attach to the axon and soma as well.
What are voltage-gated ion channels?
They are gated channels that open/close in relation to membrane potential. You to depolarize first so ion gates can open.
Where are channels present?
Nodes of Ranvier.
Where are chloride channels?
Not on the axon.
