neuroscreen for final Flashcards
When do you perform a neuroscreen exam
burns, diabetes, MS, joint injury, SCI, TBI, CVA, cervical/lumbar involvement
Upper motor nerve lesion
neurological condition from damage to corticospinal or pyramidal tract in the brain or spinal cord
results of UMNL
hemiplegia, paraplegia, quadriplegia depending on the location and extent
Lower motor neuron lesion (LMNL)
injury occurring in the anterior horn cells, nerve root cells or peripheral nervous system
LMNL results in..
diminished reflexes, weakness or flaccid paralysis and atrophy
Deep tendon reflex (DTR)
the reaction of muscle to being passively stretched by percussion on the tendon
What does DTR measure
the integrity of both efferent and afferent peripheral nerves and their central inhibitory controls
what might cause a nerve root lesion
herniated disc putting pressure on the nerve root
spinothalmic system tests
pain, temperature and crude touch
protective sensing is the test
dorsal column/medial lemniscal system tests
pressure, vibration, position sense, discriminative touch, movement sense Discriminative sensation is the test
Mechanoreceptors
mechanical pain
muscle spindle detects
changes of length AND rate of change
golgi tendon organs detect
muscle length change
Testing for peripheral nerve lesion/injury
test proximal to distal
testing central nervous system lesion such as CVA
test distal to proximal
testing a nerve root lesion/injury
test proximal to distal
testing with diabetes
test distal to proximal
proprioception testing
distal to proximal
what is the exception for proprioception testing?
after a joint injury you can test the joint that was injured first but always test bilaterally
grading of neuroscreen tests
intact
diminished
absent
tests with poor inter-rater reliability
light touch
proprioception
2 pt discrimination
common peripheral nerves that get injured
ulnar, median, radial, sciatic, femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, common peroneal, tibial
where do peripheral nerve lesions occur in the body
superficial locations
over bony prominences
where nerves branch off of one another
as they pass through tunnels
how long do you hold a myotome test and why
10 secs to check for fading
are peripheral nerve lesion myotome tests and nerve root lesion myotome tests unilateral or bilateral
unilaterally tested for stabilization, meaning you test one side at a time
position for myotome test nerve root
position of convenience, upright sitting
tib post nerve root
L4, L5
biceps femoris nerve root
S1, S2
semimembranosus nerve root
L5, S1
Achilles nerve root
S1, S2
Quadriceps nerve root
L3, L4
Triceps nerve root
C7
Brachioradialis nerve root
C5, C6
Biceps nerve root
C5, C6
what is a normal graded refelx
2+
