Neuroscience of Aging Flashcards
Cell division to make newly born neurons
Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis in adulthood may be possible in the ____________.
hippocampus
Loss, growth, and competition of synapses to refine connections
Synapse Rearrangement
Where are precursor cells made?
Ventricular zone (inside of neural tube)
chemicals that facilitate many aspects of neural development including cell migration, differentiation, and synaptogenesis; e.g., NGF, BDNF
Neurotrophic factors
Addition of myelin to axons
Myelination
“Bright spots” in the white matter of brain scans driven by damage to the integrity of myelin and axons that are associated with cognitive impairment and increased risk of stroke
White matter hyperintensities
__________ neuron loss accelerated in ___________ disease
Parkinson’s
____________ loss is associated with memory decline in aging (especially in AD)
acetylcholine
_________ cognitive functions decline with aging
fluid
_____________ functions are spared during aging
crystallized
Negative _____-arousal information is automatic and linked to activation of the amygdala interacting with the hippocampus
high
Negative ______-arousal information is more active in the prefrontal cortex -hippocampus network is necessary
low
The ability of individuals to cope with advancing brain pathology through either a set of acquired skills or inherent abilities
cognitive reserve
Experiments with aging mice show that enriched environments can lead to increased __________
BDNF
Brain __________ is enhanced by aerobic exercise, even in older adults
plasticity
