Chapter 1 - Studying Adult Development and Aging

Question 1

Scientific study of aging from maturity through old age

Answer 1

Gerontology

Question 2

Area of specialization within the field of medicine that deals with the study of the diseases and care of older adults

Answer 2

Geriatrics

Question 3

Scientific study of the relationship between brain and cognition in older adults

Answer 3

Cognitive neuroscience / neuropsychology of aging

Question 4

A form of discrimination against older adults based on their age, which comes about due to myths of aging

Answer 4

Ageism

Question 5

Number of years that have elapsed since a person’s birth

Answer 5

Chronological age

Question 6

The age you think of yourself as

Answer 6

Perceived age

Question 7

Assessed by measuring the functioning of various vital, or life-limiting organ systems, such as the cardiovascular system

Answer 7

biological age

Question 8

Functional level of psychological abilities that people use to adapt to changing environmental demands

Answer 8

Psychological age

Question 9

Set of roles that individuals adopt in relations to their age and culture

Answer 9

Socio-cultural age

Question 10

normal, disease-free development over the life span

Answer 10

primary aging

Question 11

developmental changes that are related to disease, lifestyle, and other environmentally-induced changes that are not inevitable

Answer 11

secondary aging

Question 12

Rapid losses that occur shortly before death (terminal drop)

Answer 12

tertiary aging

Question 13

What are the two development phases?

Answer 13

Early (childhood and adolescence) and later (young adulthood, middle age, and old age)

Question 14

During the early phase of development, _______ age-related changes in size and abilities occur

Answer 14

Rapid

Question 15

During later development, changes are __________ but abilities continue to develop.

Answer 15

slower

Question 16

What are the four key features of the life span perspective as identified by Paul Baltes?

Answer 16

Mult directionality, Plasticity, Historical context, Multiple causation

Question 17

Includes both growth and decline

Answer 17

multidirectionality

Question 18

role of practice and training

Answer 18

plasticity

Question 19

specific set of circumstances and culture

Answer 19

historical context

Question 20

interactions between biological, psychological, socio-cultural, and life-cycle forces

Answer 20

multiple causation

Question 21

Genetic and health-related factors

Answer 21

Biological forces

Question 22

Perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and personality factors

Answer 22

Psychological forces

Question 23

Interpersonal, societal, cultural, and ethnic factors

Answer 23

Socio-cultural forces

Question 24

How the same event or combination of forces affect people at different points in their lives

Answer 24

Life-cycle forces

Question 25

events that may be important for a particular individual but are not experienced by most people

Answer 25

Non-normative influences

Question 26

Biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces that are highly correlated with chronological age

Answer 26

Normative age-graded influences

Question 27

Events that most people in a culture experience at the same time

Answer 27

Normative history-graded influences

Question 28

Statistical study of large populations

Answer 28

Demography

Question 29

Group of people born within a specified short period of time, who travel through life at the same point in history.

Answer 29

cohort

Question 30

everyone you want to study

Answer 30

population

Question 31

subset of the population that you enroll in the study

Answer 31

sample

Question 32

selecting, or "screening" participants with certain characteristics

Answer 32

representative sample

Question 33

Determines whether a finding generalizes across many studies looking at the same issue

Answer 33

meta-analysis