Neuropsychology

Question 1

What are the different parts of a neuron + Functions?

Answer 1

Dendrites (Toward soma) : receive messages from other cells
Axons (Away from soma): transmits messages (covered in myelin sheath)
Terminal buttons: form junctions with other cells

Question 2

Which part of the Brain is an extension of the spinal cord and is critical to survival functions (oldest part of the brain)?

Answer 2

Brainstem

Question 3

What are the two parts of the brainstem?

Answer 3

Hindbrain and Midbrain

Question 4

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 4

• motor control
• posture and coordination
• muscle tones
• motor learning

Question 5

What are the functions of the Medulla?

Answer 5

Autonomic functions
- Reflex center
- Vomiting, coughing, sneezing, swallowing …

Question 6

Which part of the hindbrain is constituted of finely spaced parallel groove, most neurons and coordinates movements?

Answer 6

Cerebellum

Question 7

What are the functions of Pons?

Answer 7

relay information between the the two sides of the cerebellum
- conduct signals from the motor cortex to the forebrain
- regulates sleep with cycles

Question 8

What is reticular formation?

Answer 8

network of brainstem nuclei and neurons that serve as a major integration and relay center for many vital brain systems to coordinate functions necessary for survival.

Question 9

What is the superior most region of the CNS

Answer 9

Forebrain

Question 10

What is Basal Ganglia

Answer 10

a group of structures linked to the thalamus in the base of the brain and involved in voluntary and involuntary coordination of movement.

Question 11

What would happen if the Thalamus gets lesioned

Answer 11

a vegetative state

Question 12

What are the functions of the Hypothalamus?

Answer 12

• Homeostasis (body temperature)
• hunger & satiety centers

Question 13

Limbic System components

Answer 13

Hippocampus: memory, spatial memory navigation)
Amygdala: emotional learning

Question 14

How many hemispheres does the cerebrum have

Answer 14

two connected by corpus callosum

Question 15

What are the 4 lobes of the cerebrum

Answer 15

1) Frontal lobe
2) Parietal lobe
3) Occipital lobe
4) Temporal lobe

Question 16

What are the functions of the Pre-frontal Cortex

Answer 16

• predict consequences
  -tied with emotions
  -interceptive awarness: perception of pain, full bladder, etc

Question 17

What would be the consequences of damages to the PFC

Answer 17

• reduced sponteneity
  -impairement in problem solving
• inability to learn from experiences
• risk taking and rule braking

Question 18

What is the premotor cortex responsible for

Answer 18

• preparation for movement
• select behavior in response to environmental cues

Question 19

What is somatopy?

Answer 19

The point-for-point correspondence of an area of the body to a specific point on the somatosensory cortex

Question 20

Where is the Wernicke’s area located

Answer 20

Superior temporal lobe (left)

Question 21

What is Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 21

Lesion in the Wernickes area that leads to a deficit in comprehension and a lack of insight

Question 22

What are the characteristics of the Somatosensory cortex

Answer 22

Receive and process sensory information from the entire body