Neuroplasticity

Question 1

The ability of brain structures to change and reorganise over time is called:

Answer 1

Neuroplasticity

Question 2

Lashley’s hunt for the biological memory trace, thereby resulting in his theories of equipotentiality and mass action, was coined:

Answer 2

The engram

Question 3

Lashley, in his hunt for the engram, theorised that all areas of the cortex have the same potential to store memories (although this was later found to be untrue.) Lashley coined this the theory of:

Answer 3

Equipotentiality

Question 4

In addition to the theory of equipotentiality, Lashley believed that different areas of the brain work together to store memory. This theory was called:

Answer 4

Mass action

Question 5

Patient H.M. experienced anterograde amnesia following a bilateral temporal resection. Which part of H.M.’s brain was removed?

Answer 5

The hippocampus

(Important to note that some of the adjacent cortex was also removed.)

Question 6

Name (at least) one of the three pathways which make up the trisynaptic circuit of the hippocampus:

Answer 6

Perforant
Mossy fibres
Schaffer collateral

Question 7

Name (at least) one of the four regions of the hippocampus interconnected by the trisynaptic circuit:

Answer 7

Entorhinal cortex
Dentate gyrus
CA3 neuron
CA1 neuron

Question 8

The reversal of long-term potentiation (LTP) and therefore the forgetting of memories is called:

Answer 8

Depotentiation

Question 9

True or false: LTP can last for up to a year.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

True or false: LTP is naturally occurring (i.e. via learning) and therefore cannot be induced via electrophysiology.

Answer 10

False