Brain structure, dissection and imaging Flashcards
The skull, meninges, blood-brain barrier (BBB) and what else make up the protective structures of the brain?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Name the 2 types of molecules, controlled by the BBB, which are critical for brain function:
Glucose
Oxygen
How many layers make up the meninges?
3
Name the 2 protective structures whose goal is to constrain and stop the brain from moving around:
The skull
The meninges
The brain requires oxygen and glucose for energy, but must be provided via a 3rd-party as it is toxic for blood to touch the brain. Name the nutrient provider of the brain:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
This controls the exit and entry of molecules between the blood and the brain:
The blood-brain barrier (BBB)
Too much CSF can cause the ventricles to expand and put pressure on the brain. This phenomenon is called:
Hydrocephalus
Name the biggest disadvantage to administering histology, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI):
They are not measures of function
The study of brain tissue is called:
Histology
Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) gives us an idea of what about the brain?
Gross anatomy
Which brain imaging technique provides us the finest detail and resolution?
Electron microscopy
Which brain imaging technique cannot be used to track firing action potentials in subcortical sturctures?
Fluorescent microscopy
Electron and fluorescent microscopy are characterised by a poor or fine spatial resolution compared to other imaging techniques?
Fine
fMRI and PET scans have poor ____ resolution:
(spatial, temporal)
Temporal
If I wanted to measure changes in metabolic activity, which two imaging techniques would I find most useful?
fMRI
PET scans
Like fluorescent microscopy, this brain imaging technique is limited to the cortex:
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
These 2 brain imaging techniques have high temporal resolution and are able to track synaptic activity:
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
EEGs and MEGs are able to differentiate between cell firing in the brain. True or false?
False
(Because of the high level of cell firing and varied cell activity, it is difficult to make any meaningful conclusions from individual cells.)
MEGs and EEGs have high temporal resolution, but poor spatial resolution. True or false?
True
____ manipulation refers to the observed changes in the brain as a result of changes in behaviour:
Behavioural
____ manipulation refers to the observed changes in behaviour as a result of changes in the brain:
Neurological
