neuropharmacology Flashcards
The new onset of pathological gambling, increased libido, and hypersexuality in a patient with Parkinson disease is likely to be secondary to: (3x)
PRAMIPEXOLE
First line treatment of vocal tics in Tourette syndrome: (2x)
ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC AGONIST
Which drug for the Tx of parkinsonism has been associated with sudden sleep attacks? (2x)
ROPINIROLE
2nd generation with the lowest D2 affinity
QUETIAPINE
What medicine interferes with efficacy of Donepezil?
OXYBUTYNIN
A condition with increased frequency in pts with HIV on long term HAART:
HEPATOTOXICITY
Inhibitors of enzyme catechol-O-methyl transferase are used in Parkinson disease to address which disease-associate problem?
WEARING OFF OF LEVODOPA EFFECT
33 y/o with insomnia, fatigue, nervousness, irritability, and depressed mood. Has scaly dermatitis in sun-exposed areas, apathy, and mild memory impairment. Which vitamin is pt deficient in?
NIACIN
Which medication reduces accumulation of plaques and disability in pt’s with relapsing remitting MS?
INTERFERON BETA-1 A
What cognitive enhancer is an NMDA receptor antagonist?
MEMANTINE
Medication helpful in early HIV dementia but is potentially toxic later in the disease?
METHYLPHENIDATE
Acamprosate works through which neurotransmitter system?
GLUTAMATE
Neuronal enzyme that is the target of drugs to treat Alzheimer’s i.e. galantamine and rivastigmine
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE
Pharmacologic mechanisms of topiramate include: inhibition of firing of voltage- dependent sodium channels, antagonism of kainite binding to the alpha-amino-3- hydroxy-5-methyl-4- isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor & potentiation at which receptor?
GABA-A
A medication to treat MS is an integrin antagonist that primarily acts by blocking lymphocytes and monocytes adhesion to the endothelial cells:
NATALIZUMAB
Medication for restless leg syndrome:
BROMOCRIPTINE
A 73 yo M pt is seen for follow up treatment for a seizure disorder. On examination the pt is found to have gum hypertrophy, cerebellar ataxia and hirsutism. Which of the following medication is the pt taking (most likely)?
PHENYTOIN/DILANTIN
Restless Legs syndrome 2/2 medication
ANTIDEPRESSANTS
62 y/o pt evaluated for frequent falls w/o loss of consciousness. Pt w rigidity, hallucinations. Three episodes of hallucinations resolved w/o sequelae. Cause?
RISPERIDONE
Safest heterocyclic antidepressant for 78 y/o w depression, agitation & dementia is:
NORTRIPTYLINE
Neuronal damage from excitotoxicity secondary to glutamate sensitivity. Treat with:
MEMANTINE
Which medication for insomnia is most likely to cause amnestic cognitive impairment?
TEMAZEPAM
Sx most likely related to excessive use of vitamin B12
BURNING SENSATIONS
60 y/o F with 10 month hx of apathy and depression has hyperchromic macrocytic anemia. Best test to order next:
VITAMIN B12 LEVEL
A pt with EtOH-dependence present to ED with confusion, ataxia, nystagmus and ophthalmologist. High doses of which of the following vitamins could have prevented this syndrome?
VITAMIN B1
A derivative of which of the following vitamins is a necessary cofactor for the function of the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase?
PYRIDOXINE
Which of the following neurohormones is known to modulate immune function, has analgesic properties, is derived from the serotonin molecule, and is a potent antioxidant and free-radical scavenger?
MELATONIN
Mirtazapine mediates increased release of NE and and serotonin through what mechanism?
ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC BLOCKADE
Reduces Sxs during acute exacerbation of MS:
METHYLPREDNISONE
What occurs when the central nervous system responds to an acute cortical insult?
Microglia processes retract, and the cell body enlarges
What drug can reduce psychotic symptoms in parkinson’s disease w/out worsening motor symptoms
Pimavanserin
Which medication class exacerbates physiology tremor? Barbiturates, corticosteroids, benzos, CCB’s, Beta blockers
Corticosteroids
