neurons & more

Question 1

multipolar neurons

Answer 1

many dendrites with a single axon

Question 2

what neuronal shape is the most common

Answer 2

multipolar neurons

Question 3

bipolar neurons

Answer 3

single dendrite at one and of cell and single axon at other end

Question 4

where are bipolar neurons common

Answer 4

in sensory systems (vision)

Question 5

unipolar neurons

Answer 5

single extension (axon) that branches in 2 directions after leaving cell body

one end is input with dendrite like branches
one end is output zone with terminals

Question 6

what is the input zone made up of in the 3 neuron types

Answer 6

dendrites

Question 7

what are 3 main components of synapse

Answer 7

specialized presynaptic membrane of axon terminal of presynaptic neuron

synaptic cleft

specialized postsynaptic membrane on dendrite or cell body of postsynaptic neuron

Question 8

presynaptic vesicle purpose

Answer 8

contain molecules of neurotransmitter which a presynaptic neuron uses to communicate with postsynaptic cells

Question 9

neuroplasticity

Answer 9

configuration of synapses on dendrites and cell body is always changing due to new patterns of synaptic activity and formation of new neural circuits

Question 10

purpose of axon hillock

Answer 10

gather and integrate info arriving from synapses on dendrites and cell body

Question 11

4 kinds of glial cells

Answer 11

oligodendrocytes
schwann cells
astrocytes
microglial cells

Question 12

oligodendrocytes

Answer 12

provide myelination within brain and spinal cord

Question 13

schwann cells

Answer 13

ensheathing - each schwann cell wraps itself around segment of one axon to provide single bead of myelin

Question 14

astrocytes

Answer 14

weave around and between neurons with tentacle like extensions

help form tough outer membranes to swaddle brain

secrete chemical signals that affect synaptic transmission and formation of synapses

Question 15

microglial cell

Answer 15

contain and clean up injury sites

Question 16

functional zones for neurons

Answer 16

input zone
integration zone
conduction zone
output zone

Question 17

input zone

Answer 17

neurons collect and process info from environment or other cells

Question 18

integration zone

Answer 18

decision to produce neural signal is made

Question 19

conduction zone

Answer 19

axon carries neurons own electrical signals away from cell body

towards its end axon may split unto multiple branches called axon collaterals

Question 20

output zone

Answer 20

axon terminals transmit neurons signals across synapses to other cells