Neurons and synaptic transmissoni Flashcards
What are the parts of neurons?
Dendrites, cell body (soma), axon, myelin sheath, nodes of ranvier and axon terminal
What are the types of neurons?
Sensory, motor ad relay
What is the purpose of motor neurons?
Connect the central nervous system to the effector (muscles and glands)
What is the structure of motor neurons?
Short dendrites and long axons
Where are motor neurons found?
Everywhere
What is the function of the sensory neuron?
To carry messages from the peripheral to the central nervous system
What is the structure of sensory neurons?
Long dendrites, short axons and cell body in middle of the cell
Where are sensory neurons found/
In the ganglia in the peripheral nervous system
What is the function of relay neurons?
To connect sensory to motor neurons or other relay neurons
What is the structure of relay neurons?
Short dendrites and short axons
Where are relay neurons found?
The central nervous system
What is the direction of charge?
Charge goes through axons away from cell body
What is a synapse?
A gap between neurons
What is the process of synaptic transmission?
- Electrical impulse reaches presynaptic terminal and neurotransmitter is released
- Neurotransmitter diffuses across synapse and is taken up by postsynaptic receptor sites
What is excitation?
Neurotransmitters make the postsynaptic neuron more likely to happen
