neurons and synaptic transmission

Question 1

7 parts of a neuron

Answer 1

• axon
• dendries
• nucleas
• cell body
• nodes of ranvier
• myelin sheath
• terminal buttons

Question 1

sensory neuron location and function

Answer 1

in receptors such as eyes, ears, tongue and skin
-when they reach the brain they translate into sensations e.g vision, hearing, taste + touch, detest info and pass to relay neurons

Question 2

relay neuron location and funtion

Answer 2

between sensory input and motor output response - in the brain and spinal cord CNS
-allows sensory and motor neurons to communicate and interprets sensory info to make decisions

Question 3

motor neuron location and function

Answer 3

in CNS and PNS
- controls muscle movements, releases neuro-transmitters that bind to receptors on muscles to trigger a response

Question 4

synaptic transmission definition

Answer 4

communication down a neuron is via electrical impulse, however neurons do not touch so chemical communication is required to pass the message and the gap is called synaptic cleft

Question 5

synaptic transmission order

Answer 5

1. action potential travels down the axon of the pre-synaptic neuron towards axon terminals
2. vesicles migrate towards end of axon terminal
3. neurotransmitters are released from vesiclesand diffuse across the synaptic cleft
4. receptor sites on post synaptic neuron take up the appropriate neurotransmitter
5. if more inhibitory nt then IPSP is created which decreases likelihood of firing/ if more excitatory nt then an EPSP is created which increases likelihood of postsynaptic neuron firing
6. neurotransmitters then drop back into synaptic cleft and are taken back into presynaptic through process of reuptake