Neurons

Question 1

What is a sensory neuron

Answer 1

Carry messages from peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system.

Question 2

What is a relay neuron?

Answer 2

Connects sensory neurons to motor and other relay neurons.

Question 3

What is a motor neuron?

Answer 3

Connects the central nervous system to muscles and glands.

Question 4

What is in a neuron?

Answer 4

Soma, nucleus, dendrites, axon, nodes of Ranvier, terminal buttons, myelin sheath.

Question 5

Excitation

Answer 5

Positive state, more likely to fire.
Adrenaline for exercise etc.

Question 6

Inhibition

Answer 6

Negative state, less likely to fire.
Serotonin for a boost in mood etc.

Question 7

Synaptic transmission

Answer 7

Action potential reaches the end of one neuron at the presynaptic cell, causing summation.
If excitatory, a release of neurotransmitters are triggered from the vesicle sacs at the terminal buttons.
Chemicals are released into the synapse and taken up by the next neuron.
Excess neurotransmitter is reabsorbed by the presynaptic cell.
Chemical message becomes an electrical one, is sent along dendrites towards the soma.
Stimulation of postsynaptic receptors by neurotransmitters results in excitation of inhabitation of post synaptic membrane.