neuromuscular system

Question 1

autonomic

Answer 1

works involuntary

Question 2

all or none law

Answer 2

sequence of impulses has to be of sufficient intensity to stimulate all of the muscle fibers in a motor unit in order for them to contract. if not, none of them will contract

Question 3

what does motor unit consist of

Answer 3

motor neurone
muscle fibres

Question 4

motor neurone

Answer 4

specialized cells which transmit nerve impulses to a group of muscle fibers

Question 5

muscle fibres

Answer 5

work with the nervous system so that a contraction can occur

Question 6

motor unit

Answer 6

motor neuron and the muscle fibers stimulated by its axon

Question 7

step 1 of muscle contraction

Answer 7

impulse sent by the cell body in the cerebellum

Question 8

step 2 of muscle contraction

Answer 8

impulse sent down the motor neuron through the motor end plates into the synaptic cleft

Question 9

step 3 of muscle contraction

Answer 9

neurotransmitter called acetylcholine is secreted into the synaptic cleft to transmit nerve impulses

Question 10

step 4 of muscle contraction

Answer 10

if the charge is above the threshold, the muscle fibers will contract

Question 11

how can you vary the strength of a muscle contraction

Answer 11

recruit correct number of motor units
recruit correct size of motor units

Question 12

step 5 of muscle contraction

Answer 12

happens in an all-or-none law

Question 13

3 types of muscle fibers

Answer 13

type 1 - slow oxidative
type 2a- fast oxidative glycolytic
type 2b- fast glycolytic

Question 14

type 1

Answer 14

• structurally designed to store oxygen in myglobin and process this in the mitochondria.
• produce a small force but resist fatigue for long periods of time

Question 15

type 1 sporting example

Answer 15

aerobic athletes
long distance running- marathon

Question 16

type 1 colour

Answer 16

red

Question 17

type 2a

Answer 17

• structurally designed to produce a large amount of force quickly.
• resist fatigue but not for as long as slow oxidative.
• moderate levels of myglobin and mitocondria

Question 18

type 2a colour

Answer 18

pink

Question 19

type 2a sporting example

Answer 19

1500m

Question 20

type 2b

Answer 20

• structully designed to work anaerobically and have large store of phosphocreatine
• fatigue quickly
• low levels of mitocondria and myglobin
  fast contractions

Question 21

type 2b colour

Answer 21

white

Question 22

type 2b sporting example

Answer 22

explosive events
shotput

Question 23

3 types of muscle

Answer 23

skeletal muscle
smooth muscle
cardiac muscle

Question 24

skeletal muscle function

Answer 24

enable movement

Question 25

smooth muscle

Answer 25

maintaining healthy body systems

Question 26

cardiac muscle

Answer 26

makes heart pump
training will strengthen

Question 27

hypertrophy

Answer 27

muscle has become bigger and stronger