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Neuromuscular Flashcards

1
Q

serotonin blocker used in the PNS and is an analogue to somatostatin

A

octreotide

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2
Q

serotonin blocker that treats serotonin syndrome by blocking its receptors in the CNS

A

ciproheptadine

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3
Q

ondansetron

A

serotonin blocker that helps stop vomiting

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4
Q

strychnine

A

poison that blocks glycine in the spinal cord

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5
Q

Donepezil

A

treats Alzheimers for a short time by blocking ACHesterase

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6
Q

memantine

A

Blocks the effects of glutamate in the NMDA pathway so that it isn’t inhibited (treats Alzehimers too)

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7
Q

Promethazine

A

Dopamine blocker

antiemetic drug for kids

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8
Q

Perchlorperazine

A

Dopamine Blocker

antiemetic drug for adults

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9
Q

Capzacin

A

block that blocks Substance P and is found in chill papers

- increases the threshold for pain

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10
Q

nitric oxide is made from what

A

L-arginine

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11
Q

treatment for organophosphate poisoning

A

Atropine

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12
Q

hemicholinum

A

takes the place of choline so you cannot make acetylcholine and causes sympathetic effects

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13
Q

Benztropine

A

anticholinergic used in dystonia patients (strained muscle contraction) can also maybe be used for Parkinsons

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14
Q

scopalamine

A

used for motion sickness

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15
Q

ipartropium and tiatropiu

A

two drugs used when the patient has obstructive lung disease, they both block CGMP

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16
Q

oxybutynin

A

used for incontinence in adults

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17
Q

Cisapride

A

serotonin agonist used to treat GERD

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18
Q

methysergide

A

treats migrant headaches by causing vasoconstriction

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19
Q

tergesteride

A

treats migrant headaches by causing vasoconstriction

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20
Q

metoclopramide

A

serotonin agonist but also a dopamine blocker that can cause parkinson in patients

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21
Q

pilocarpine

A

cholinergic agonist used to treat glaucoma and as a sweat test for CF

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22
Q

bethanocol

A

cholinergic agonist for post op UTI

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23
Q

carbachol

A

post op tx for UTI

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24
Q

Phenylphrine

A

drug of choice for neurogenic shock

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25
phentolamine
short acting drug used to diagnose Pheochromocytoma by blocking alpha receptors and BP will drop
26
phenoxybenzamine
treatment for pheochromocytoma
27
yohimbine
used for erectile disfunction before viagra
28
prazosin
treats HTN only and has first dose syncope because it vasodialtes very quickly
29
terazosin
first line for BPH
30
Doxazosin
Fist line for BPH
31
cocaine
blocks the reuptake of catecholamines
32
Amphetamines
promote the release of catecholamines
33
ammonium chloride
treats amphetamine overdose
34
clonidine
alpha 2 receptor agonist that is used for behavioral problems and HTN. - a major side affect is rebound HTN if stop taking it
35
Alpha Methyldopa
drug of choice for HTN in pregnant women | -methyl group doesn't cross placenta, BUT it can cause autoimmune hemolytic anemia
36
Nonspecific beta agonist (2)
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
37
what receptors are found in the lungs and are responsible for bronchodialation
Beta 2
38
receptors that controls the conversion of T4-T3 in the liver
beta 2
39
Albuterol
first line for asthma and COPD
40
Terbutaline
first line for asthma and COPD
41
Ritodrine and Terbutaline
used for preterm labor
42
Salmeterol and Fometerol
long acting beta 2 agonist that get combined with steroids to treat asthma
43
propanolol
longest acting beta blocker
44
esmolol
shortest acting beta blocker and used by anesthesiologist because during induction someone's BP can rapidly raise
45
Timolol and Pindolol
used for open angle glaucoma
46
sotalol
only beta blocker that can block potassium channels but can widen QT interval
47
nabivolol
B blocker that has smooth muscle relaxant effects
48
Labetolol and Carvedilol
alpha an beta blockers and can treat pheochromocytoma, hypeternsive cirrus when sodium nitroprusside isn't avaiblabe. - used in pregnant women with hypertensive crisis
49
Atenolol and pinadalol are special why
because they blocker beta receptors but they have partial agonist affect good to treat diabetics who have had a heart attack or patients with COPD
50
Reserpine
used to treat HTN by blocking the vesicle formation of catecholamines
51
Guanethidine
taken up presynaptically and makes catecholamines be released without their vesicles so that MAO can break them down, UDE is HTN
52
drug that blocks calcium because it blocks all things 2+ and treats lead poisoning and copper posing
penicillamine
53
chelator used for lead poisoning that has the same affect as penicillamine
EDTA
54
what toxin blocks the release of glycine from the spinal cord causing strong muscle contractions
tetanus
55
Leriche Syndrome
70% stenosis of the aorta-illiac arteries and causes claudication in the butt due to interference with the pudendal arteries
56
CPK is found in what part of the sarcomere
M line
57
Dilated cardiomyopathy presents with what heart sound
S3
58
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presents with what heart sound
S4
59
what is the only loop diuretic that will not cause permemnant hearing loss
Furosemide
60
Dobutamine
pure beta 1 agonist that will increase HR
61
drug that vasodialates the kidney and GI arteries as well as inreasesing HR is
dopamine , feldopam
62
what can lead to digitalis toxicity since it stops the sodium potassium pump and keeps calcium in and why
Hypercalcemia, becuase there will be an insane amount of calcium in the cell and it will damage the lysosomes and cause cell death
63
two treatments for digitalis toxicity (antidotes)
Digibind and Digifab
64
Conavaptan and Tolvaptan
drugs that block ADH
65
main parasite that can cause myositis
Trichinella Spiralis
66
only myopathy that has a rash that looks like a helicopter rash that can be on the hand or the eyelid "Gorton Sign"
Dermatomyositis
67
what should yu rule out of someone has dermatomyositis
colon cancer
68
when muscle insertions hurt and occurs when you move your muscles
fibrositis
69
patients with fibromyalgia have a high incidence of what
temporal arteritis
70
patient has weak shoulder girdle and difficult reaching things over their head
fibromyalgia rheumatica
71
beckers muscular dystrophy has what genetic problem
missence mutation
72
myotonic dystrophy?
increased muscle tone that leads to degeneration of muscle over time. Intense face features "Birds beak sign"
73
myotonic dystrophy has what genetic problem
tri nucleotide repeats
74
attack on peripheral nerves and will eventually cause muscles to atrophy and has ascending paralysis is what
Gillian Barre
75
leading pathogen to cause Guillian Barree
Campylobacter jejunii
76
glove and stocking distribution of neuropathy due to deposition of sorbitol
diabetic neuropathy
77
someone with problems in two point discrimination, conscious proprioception, and vibration (doral column attacked) and shooting stabbing pain. The pupils in these people accommodate but are slow to react (Argyll Robertson pupil)
Syphillis
78
in 49% of cases Myasthenia Gravis is due to
thymoma
79
drug that diagnosis MG
edrophoneum
80
Lamber Eaton syndrome is usually due to what
small cell cancer of the lung
81
small cell cancer of the lung poisoning the sarcoplasmic reticulum so that calcium is sequestered slowly and causes increased contraction as the sy goes on?
Lambert Eaton Syndrome
82
tx for organophosphate (ACHesterase Inhibitor) poison
Atropine
83
Glycopyrollate
used to clear up pulmonary secretions before surgery
84
fasiculaitons seen in a newborn with congenital anterior horn degneration
Wedding Hoffman Disease
85
middle aged woman with vision problems and antibodies to her own myelin and has trigeminal neuralgia
Multiple Sclerosis
86
5-10 year old child with deymlination of neurons and deficient in arylsulphatase
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
87
asymmetrical paralysis that follows 2 weeks after gastroenteritis with the virus hiding in the dorsal root ganglion
Polio
88
``` kids 5-10 telangiectasis all over the body (spider) IgA deficiency DNA breakage repair problems increased risk for skin cancer ```
Ataxia Telangiectasia
89
kids 5-10 | increased incidence of Retinits Pigemntosa, Scoliosis, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Fredrich Ataxia
90
``` kids 5-10 Carnitine Acyltransferase 1 Deficiency x-linked involves cortical white matter adrenal gland failure ```
Adrenoleukodystrophy

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