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First Aid > Neurology - The Basics > Flashcards

Neurology - The Basics Flashcards

1
Q

neural plate gives rise to

A

neural tube

neural crest cells

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2
Q

notochord becomes _______ in adults

A

nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disk

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3
Q

alar plate (dorsal)

A

sensory

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4
Q

basal plate (ventral)

A

motor

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5
Q

forebrain
(prosencephalon)
which secondary vesicles?

A

telencephalon

diencephalon

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6
Q

midbrain
(mesencephalon)
which secondary vesicle?

A

mesencephalon

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7
Q

hindbrain
(rhombencephalon)
which secondary vesicles?

A

metencephalon

myelencephalon

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8
Q

telencephalon becomes

A

cerebral hemispheres

lateral ventricles

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9
Q

diencephalon becomes

A

thalamus

third ventricle

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10
Q

mesencephalon becomes

A

midbrain

aqueduct

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11
Q

metencephalon becomes

A

pons
cerebellum
upper part 4th ventricle

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12
Q

myelencephalon becomes

A

medulla

lower part 4th ventricle

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13
Q

neural tube defects

A

neuropores fail to fuse - 4th week, so amniotic cavity and spinal canal connected
elevated AFP
elevated AChE

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14
Q

spina bifida occulta

A

bony spinal canal doesn’t close
no structural herniation
dura intact
tuft of hair

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15
Q

meningocele

A

meninges, not spinal cord, herniate through spinal cord defect

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16
Q

meningomyelocele

A

meninges & spinal cord herniate through spinal cord defect

17
Q

forebrain anomaly: anencephaly

A

malformation of anterior neural tube = no forebrain
increased AFP
polyhydramnios
maternal DM1

18
Q

forebrain anomaly: holoprosencephaly

A

failure of right & left hemispheres to separate
wk 5 - 6
sonic hedgehog signaling pathway malfunction
moderate: cleft lip/palate
severe: cyclopia

19
Q

posterior fossa malformation: Chiari II

Arnold-Chiari malformation

A

cerebellar tonsillar, vermian herniation through foramen magnum w/ aqueductal stenosis & hydrocephalus
thoraco-lumber myelomeningocele
paralysis below defect

20
Q

posterior fossa malformation: Dandy-Walker

A

agenesis of cerebellar vermis w/ cystic enlargement of 4th ventricle - fills enlarged posterior fossa
hydrocephalus
spina bifida

21
Q

syringomyelia

A

cystic enlargement central canal spinal cord
“cape-like” bilat loss pain, temp upper extrem.
C8 - T1
Chiari I malformation

22
Q

tongue development: ant. 2/3 tongue

A

1st branchial arch
sensation CN V3
taste CN VII

23
Q

tongue development: post. 1/3

A

3rd & 4th arches
sensation & taste mainly CN IX
extreme posterior CN X

24
Q

tongue development: motor innervation

A

CN XII

25
Q

tongue development: mm. derived from

A

occipital myotomes

First Aid (6 decks)

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