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3rd year_Neurology > Neurology Board Review > Flashcards

Neurology Board Review Flashcards

1
Q

Cortical location for expressive language?

A

Posterior-inferior frontal lobe

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2
Q

Cortical location for receptive language?

A

Posterior-superior temporal lobe

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3
Q

First 3 branches of the Aorta (after the R & L Carotid arteries)?

A
  1. Brachiocephalic Trunk (becomes R. Subclavian & Common Carotid)
  2. Left Common Carotid
  3. Left Subclavian
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4
Q

Which artery/ies supply the Temporal Lobes?

A

Superior half = MCA

Inferior half = PCA

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5
Q

What is “abulia”?

A

Refers to a lack of will or initiative and can be seen as a disorder of diminished motivation

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6
Q

How does 1-sided ACA stroke present?

A

Both 1/2’s: Contralateral anesthesia, leg > arm hemiparesis, abulia

Dominant: Mutism

Non-dominant: Acute confusional state

(Median frontoparietal region)

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7
Q

How does bilateral ACA stroke present?

A
  • Contralateral anesthesia, leg > arm hemiparesis, abulia

- Urinary incontinence, akinetic mutism

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8
Q

How does a complete MCA stroke present?

A

Contralateral hemianesthesia, hemiparesis, hemianopia w/ gaze preference

Dominant hemi: Aphasia & Apraxia

Nondominant hemi: Aprosodia, Hemineglect

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9
Q

Superior division of MCA stroke presentation?

A

Contralateral hemiparesis, expressive aphasia

Lateral Frontal

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10
Q

Inferior division of MCA stroke presentation

A

Contralateral hemianopia, receptive aphasia

Lateral Parietal & Superior Temporal

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11
Q

Gerstman Stroke Syndrome – area & presentation?

A

Area = Dominant hemisphere angular gyrus area

Pres = Agraphia, acalculia, right-left confusion, finger agnosia, ideomotor apraxia

(Angular Gyrus = region of the brain in the Parietal lobe, that lies near the superior edge of the temporal lobe, & immediately posterior to the supramarginal gyru

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12
Q

Lacunar Stroke:

Hemiballismus

A

Hemiballismus

Subthalamic Nucleus (contralateral)

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13
Q

Lacunar Stroke:

Hemiparesis w/ prominent ataxia

A

Ataxic hemiparesis

Corona radiata, Internal Capsule, Basal Ganglia, or Pons
contralateral

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14
Q

Lacunar Stroke:

Contralateral dysarthria & upper limb ataxia

A

Dysarthria–clumsy hand

Corona radiata, Internal Capsule, Basal Ganglia, or Pons
contralateral

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15
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Ipsilateral oculomotor palsy, contralateral body weakness

A

Weber

Cerebral peduncle & ventral midbrain (sparing red nucleus and cerebellothalamic tract)

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16
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Ipsilateral oculomotor palsy, contralateral tremor

A

Claude

Ventral midbrain & Superior Cerebellar Peduncle (near red nucleus)

17
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Ipsilateral oculomotor palsy, contralateral body weakness & tremor

A

Benedikt

Cerebral peduncle & ventral midbrain (including red nucleus & cerebellothalamic tract)

18
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Quadriplegia with bulbar plegia sparing some eye movements

A

Locked-in

Bilateral Median Pontine

19
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Ipsilateral ataxia, contralateral weakness & loss of pain & temperature

A

Marie-Foix

Lateral Pons

20
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Ipsilateral abducens palsy, contralateral hemiparesis

A

Raymond

Ventral Pons

21
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Ipsilateral facial weakness, contralateral body weaknes

A

Millard Gubler

Middle Pons

22
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Ipsilateral lateral gaze palsy and facial weakness

A

Foville

Dorsal Pons

23
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:

Ipsilateral tongue weakness, contralateral hemiparesis & loss of vibration & proprioception

A

Dejerine

Medial Medulla

24
Q

Brainstem Syndrome:
Ipsilateral facial sensory loss, Horner’s syndrome, palatal weakness, dysphagia & ataxia
Contralateral body pain & temperature loss

A

Wallenburg

Lateral Medulla

25
Q

Stroke Syndrome:

Cortical blindness with denial of deficit

A

Anton

Bilateral Occipital

26
Q

Stroke Syndrome:

Oculomotor apraxia, optic ataxia, simultagnosia

A

Balint

Bilateral Parieto-Occipital

27
Q

Stroke Syndrome:

Contralateral face & arm weakness, motor aphasia

A

Recurrent Artery of Heubner

Head of caudate & anterior limb of internal
capsule

28
Q 
Stroke Syndrome:
Contralateral hemiparesis (severe), hemianesthesia, hemianopia (uncommonly)
A

Anterior Choroidal Artery

Posterior limb of internal capsule, posterior
corona radiata

29
Q

Stroke Syndrome:

Hemianopia

A

Distal PCA

Inferior temporal & occipital

30
Q

Stroke Syndrome:

Alexia without agraphia

A

Alexia w/out Agraphia

Dominant occipital lobe & splenium of corpus callosum

31
Q

Lacunar strokes to the posterior limb of the internal capsule or thalamus can cause what 2 major symptoms?

A

Contralateral hemiparesis & hemisensory loss

32
Q

Lacunar Stroke:

Contralateral hemisensory loss with hemibody pain

A

Dejerine-Roussy

Thalamus

33
Q

Stroke Syndrome:

Agraphia, acalculia, right-left confusion, finger agnosia, ideomotor apraxia

A

Gerstmann

Dominant hemisphere angular gyrus area

3rd year_Neurology (8 decks)

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