Neuroanatomy Flashcards
Bone just anterior to Pons & Medulla?
Clivus
Pituitary fossa is bound by the Anterior & Posterior ______ Processes.
Clinoid
Ventricle that sits just posterior to Pons & anterior to Cerebellum?
4th Ventricle
Ventricular space btwn 3rd & 4th ventricles?
Cerebral Aqueduct (of Sylvius)
Glossopharyngeal Nerve main functions?
- Stylopharyngeus muscle (Branchial Motor)
- Parasympathetics to Parotid gland
- Sensation from post 1/3 tongue, pharynx, middle ear & region near external auditory meatus
- Taste from post 1/3 tongue
- Chemo- & Baro-receptors of Carotid body
Vagus Nerve main functions?
- Pharyngeal muscles (swallowing)
- Laryngeal muscles (voice)
- Parasympathetics to heart, lungs, & digestive tract until splenic flexure
- Sensation from Pharynx, Meninges, & small region near external auditory meatus
- Taste from Epiglottus & Pharynx
- Chemo- & Baro-receptors of Aortic Arch
Facial Nerve main functions?
- Muscles of facial expression
- Stapedius (middle ear muscle, “S”) muscle
- Digastric muscle
- Taste (ant. 2/3)
- Parasympathetics to Lacrimal glands & Submandibular, Submaxillary, & all other salivary glands except parotid
- Sensation from small region near EAM
Oculomotor Nerve functions?
- Eye movements
- Pupil constriction
Most anterior structure of the Medulla?
Pyramids (w/ pyramidal decussation)
2 pairs of bumps on the dorsal surface of Midbrain?
Superior Colliculi & Inferior Colliculi
- together, these form the “tectum” (meaning roof) of the midbrain
What structures form the “Tectum” of the Midbrain?
Superior & Inferior Colliculi
Tectum = Roof
What structure form the ventral surface of the midbrain?
Cerebral Peduncles – w/ the Interpeduncular Fossa separating them
(contain CST & CB fibers among others)
(“fossa” = shallow depression or hollow)
In the Medulla, what structures lie just lateral (& a bit posterior) to the Pyramids? Is this in the rostral medulla, caudal medulla, or both?
Inferior Olivary Nuclei (Olives)
Rostral Medulla only
Where are the Medial & Lateral Geniculate Nuclei w/ respect to the Brainstem?
Just Superior-Lateral to the Midbrain
- Inferior to the Thalamus
Caudally, the 4th ventricle empties into the __a__ via the __b__ laterally & the __c__ medially.
a) Subarachnoid space
b) Foramina of Luschka (lateral)
c) Foramina of Magendie (midline)
Which CN emerges ventrally from the interpeduncular fossa of the midbrain?
Oculomotor Nerve
nucleus is located just anterior to cerebral aqueduct
Where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the brainstem? (between what 2 structures?)
Exits the Medulla ventrally, between the pyramids & inferior olivary nuclei
a) CN 7 exits the cranial cavity via what hole?
b) It then exits the skull to reach muscles of facial expression via what?
a) Internal auditory meatus
b) Stylomastoid foramen
CN 8 exits the cranial cavity via what hole?
Internal auditory meatus
CN 4 functions?
Superior Oblique muscle
CN 6 functions?
Lateral Rectus muscle
CN 3 functions?
- Motor to Levator Palpebrae Superior & all extraocular muscles except SO & LR
- Parasympathetics to pupil constrictor & ciliary muscles for near vision
CN 5 functions?
- Sensation of touch, pain, temp, joint position, & vibration for face, mouth, ant. 2/3 tongue, nasal sinuses, & meninges
- Muscles of mastication & Tensor Tympani muscle (middle ear muscle, “T”)
(VPL) Ventral Posterior Lateral Thalamic Nucleus:
- receives what type of inputs & from where?
Posterior Column Nuclei – via Medial Lemniscus – Fine touch & proprioception (body)
Dorsal Horn – via Spinothalamic tract – Crude touch, pain, temperature (body)
