Neurology Flashcards
How long can you not drive for after a stroke/TIA?
4 weeks
What is charcot marie tooth?
A hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. They have foot drop, pes cavus, scoliosis and stamping gait. Sensorimotor polyneuropathy.
Main cause of subacute combined degeneration of the cord
Usually B12 deficiency
Which nerves does polio mainly effect?
Lower motor neurones
What is progressive non-affluent aphasia?
A type of fronto-temporal dementia that develops slowly over time. Predominantly effects speech and language - can cause poor fluency and repetition, as well as poor grammar and anomia.
How does conductive aphasia present?
Damage to arcuate fasciculus. Present with anomia and poor repetition with preserved comprehension and fluency of speech, May substtitute syllables inappropriately.
MMSE cut offs for dementia severity
<10 is severe
10-20 is moderate
21-26 is mild
Symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus
Memory loss, Urinary incontinence and gait abnormalities
What is Pick’s disease?
Frontotemporal dementia - often positive family bhistory and significant personality change
Which pathological protein deposits are found in alzheimers?
Amyloid plaques and tau protein neurofibrillary tangles
Presentation of CJD
Urinary incontinence and gait abnormalities like normal pressure hydrocephalus but rapidly progressive (can be fatal in weeks or months)
What is a Holmes-Adie pupil?
Dilated pupil with delayed and incomplete response to light. If reduced tendon reflexes as well then its Holmes-adie syndrome.
How do you confirm Holmes-Adie pupil?
Add dilute pilocarpine drops to the eye. Normal pupil wont’t react, Holmes-adie will constrict
Which proteins are associated with Alzheimer’s disease?
Amyloid and tau
Which protein is associated with PD and LBD?
Alpha synuclein
