neurological viruses

Question 1

examples of neurological viruses

Answer 1

eastern equine encephalitis
venezuelan equine encephalitis
west nile
rabies

Question 2

all the neuroviruses have a ______ virion and all have a ______ genome except ______ which has a _______ genome.

Answer 2

enveloped
+ssRNA
rabies
-ssRNA

Question 3

eastern and venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses belong to the _____ family

Answer 3

togaviridae

Question 4

westnile virus belongs to the ______ family and Rabies belongs to _______

Answer 4

west nile = flaviviridae

rabies = rhabdoviridae

Question 5

some toga and flavi viruses are transmited through a ______. an example of this would be a _____ or _______. Reservoirs tend to be creatures such as ______ or _______

Answer 5

vector
mosquito or tick
small animals or birds

Question 6

the genome for EEE and VEE is strange in that it is…

Answer 6

divided into two parts and needs to go through the ER

Question 7

how does eastern and venezuelan equine encephalitis progress?

Answer 7

introduced thru arthropod bite
infect cells locally and spread to lymph thru langerhan cells
replicate and get into blood stream
spread to other organs such as CNS

Question 8

eastern equine encephalitis disease characteristics

Answer 8

inc. 4-10 days
systemic sympot = chills, fever, malaise, arthralgia, myalgia
lasts 1-2 weeks
encephalitis sympt = fever, headache irritablity restlessness, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, coma, death (long term sequelae if they don’t die)

Question 9

EEE and VEE prevention/control

Answer 9

live atenuated TC-83 vaccine and inactivated C-84
only given to at risk people b/c it sucks
no treatment
mosquito control prevention

Question 10

traits of west nile disease

Answer 10

incubation 2-14 days
most people are asymptomatic
sympt = fever headache fatigue for 3-6 days

Question 11

neuroinvasive west nile traits

Answer 11

<1% likelihood
aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, flaccid paralysis, altered mental state, tremors
50% of survivors have sequelae after a year

Question 12

west nile prevention/control

Answer 12

no treatment/vaccine

use bug spray

Question 13

why does west nile have a larger range than VEE or EEE?

Answer 13

west nile vector = bird

Vee/EEE vector = mosquito

Question 14

why does the rabies virus pack its own polymerase?

Answer 14

it’s a -ssRNA

Question 15

traits of rabies virus genome

Answer 15

broad tropism (range of surface receptors)
replicates in cytoplasm
binding of N to RNA triggers genome replication
frequently produces defective interfering particles

Question 16

rabies disease transmission

Answer 16

bite of infected animal (reservoir)

Question 17

rabies disease characteristics

Answer 17

incubation 1-3 mo.
spread locally till it finds neurons then travels to brain then spreads back through periphery to salivary glands
sympt: prickling / itching where bitten, fever, headache
hydrophobia cerebral dysfunction
usual results in death

Question 18

rabies prevention/control

Answer 18

vaccine available
post-exposure prophylaxis given to bite area 4 times
vaccination of animals