Neurological Problems And Disability Flashcards
What are the causes if unconsciousness?
Fainting Intracranial haemorrhage Severe haemorrhage Head injury Hypo/Hyperthermia Hypoglycaemia Alcohol/Drug ingestion Poisoning Epilepsy Diabetic ketoacidosis Cardiac arrest
What are the 6 components of the brain?
Cerebrum Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Cerebellum Spinal cord
What would bilaterally fixed and dilated pupils indicated?
Dead
Hypoxia
Hypovolemic shock
Atropine and ecstasy
What would unilateral fixed and dilated pupils indicate?
Brain injury
Stroke
What would bilateral pinpointed pupils indicate?
Atropine overdose
What would irregular pupils indicate?
Trauma
Eye operation
Stigmatism
What is the definition on an epileptic or fitting casualty?
A fit is a term used to describe an episode relating to the seizure of the brains electrical activity.
What are the two types of seizures?
Partial seizures
Generalised seizures
What causes seizures?
Mental illness Battle shock Drugs intoxication Hyperventilation Hypothermia Hypoglycaemia Grand mal epilepsy
What is the definition or poisoning?
Any substance that if taken in sufficient quantity can cause harm.
Types of substances that can be related to poisoning?
Opiates Prescribed medicines Toxins/solvents Alcohol Carbon monoxide
How would you treat a snake or scorpion sting?
Lay patient down or sit as comfortable as possible
What should a patient not do when suffering from a snake bite or scorpion sting?
Fed patient
Allow patient to walk around
Elevate limb
Wash the limb
What is the definition of diabetes?
A relative, or lack of insulin available for carbohydrate metabolism. Which can lead to altered sugar levels.
What are the two types of diabetes?
Hypoglycaemia
Hyperglycaemia
What is the definition of hypoglycaemia?
Abnormally low blood sugar
Why would a diabetic get hypoglycaemia?
Missed meals
Excessive use of insulin
Changes in insulin therapy
Unaccustomed or excessive physical exercise
What is the definition of hyperglycaemia?
Abnormally high blood sugar level
Why would someone be suffering from hyperglycaemia?
Incorrect diabetes therapy
Infection
Undiagnosed diabetes
What is the definition of a diabetic coma?
Collapse or acute illness due to hypo or hyperglycaemia
What are the 3 types of head injuries?
Scalp wound
Skull fracture
Brain injuries
What are some signs and symptoms of a head injury?
Temporary loss of consciousness Temporary memory loss Anxiety Aggression Headaches Nausea and vomiting Dizziness
What are the signs and symptoms of a basal skull fracture?
Bleeding from ear CSF from nose and ears Blood staining of whites of eyes Bilateral black eyes (peri orbital haematoma) Bruising over the mastoid process
Name 4 brain injuries.
Subdural haematoma
Extradural haematoma
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Raised ICP.
How many levels of ICP is there?
Three
