Neurological Disorders- MEDICAL !! Flashcards
What is a coma?
deep state of unconsciousness
cannot be aroused by external stimuli
What are toxic metabolic states?
presence of circulating toxins or metabolites or the lack of oxygen and glucose
What are 6 general causes of coma??
structural
metabolic
drugs
cardiovascular system
resp system
infection
What are structural coma causes?
intracranial bleeding (aneurysms and strokes)
head trauma
brain tumour
What are metabolic coma causes?
anoxia
hypoglycemia (low glucose levels)
DKA- high glucose levels
Thiamine deficiency
kidney and liver failure
What are a couple of the drug OD’s that causes comas?
narbiturates- sedatives, anesthetics
narcotics -morphine/fentanyl
hallucinogens - LSD/PCP (interfere with neurotransmitters)
depressants
alcohol
What could cause comas in the cardiovascular system?
hypertensive encephalopathy
- sudden rise in BP with headache, nausea, seizures
- seen in eclampsia-seizures with later pregnancy
shock
dysrthymias
stroke
What could cause comas in the resp system? (what kind of pts?)
COPD- disruption of normal O2/CO2 delivery/ excretion resulting in toxic levels
Toxic inhalation
What bacterial infection can cause be fatal with a rapid onset?
meningitis
What are s/s of meningitis?
headache, stiff neck
What are the two types of meninigitis?
bacterial or viral
What does AEIOU TIPS stand for?
Acidosis, alcohol
Epilepsy
Infection
Overdose
Uremia
Trauma
Insulin
Psychosis
Stroke
How do we manage neurological medical disorders?
support vital functions
medications (glucagon/narcan)
fluids(sepsis)
positioning > left lateral
airway maintained
ventilate support
high O2 concentration
rapid transport
