Neurological Conditions Flashcards
What does a VI nerve palsy affect?
The lateral rectus
Eye cannot abduct, therefore eye looks turned in as medial rectus is unopposed
What are the causes of a VI nerve palsy?
Micro vascular
Raised ICP
tumour
Congenital
What can be seen in advanced VI nerve palsy?
Papilloedema
What happens in IV palsy?
The superior oblique muscle is affected
Intorsion
Depression in adduction
What are the signs of IV nerve palsy?
The eye is looking up
vertical double vision
Head tilt away from affected side to compensate for lost intortion
What are some causes of IV nerve palsy?
Congenital decompensated
Micro vascular
Tumour
Head trauma
What is a clinical sign of a III nerve palsy?
Eye looks “down and out”
Due to LR and SO being the only functioning nerve
Can be ptosis
Pupil is dilated due to sphincter pupillae being uninervated
What are the causes of III nerve palsy?
Micro vascular
Tumour
Aneurysm
MS
congenital
What are some causes of a visual field defect
Vascular disease
Space occupying lesion
Demyelination
Trauma
What can affect the optic chiasm?
Pituitary tumour
Craniopharyngioma
Meningioma
Can you get hemianopia with an optic nerve defect?
No
Is visual loss permanent in a pituitary tumour?
No it’s usually reversed after the tumour is decompressed or removed
What can cause issues in the occipital cortex?
Vascular disease eg stroke
Demyelination
