Neurological Approaches: Eval and Intervention Flashcards
motor control vs motor learning
- motor control- directing and regulation movement
- motor learning- learning movements
motor learning and motor control principles
- modify and adapt task to increase success
- repeat tasks that are motivating, meaningful and promote problem-solving
- help children achieve goal-directed functional
actions using motor solutions that emerges from an interaction of the child with the task and the
environment. - motor control- top-down approaches focusing on engaging the child in desired
occupations within a supportive environment which allows the child to problem solve.
types of motor learning
Blocked - more effective during initial stages (pick up the same 10 blocks and place in a container)
Random - more effective during final stages and increases ability to adapt (pick up a variety of objects
while engaged in play).
Rood principles
- uses sensory stimulation to specific sensory receptors to facilitate and normalize movement patterns
- stabilizers (heavy-work muscles, extensors and abductors)
- mobilization ( light-work muscles, flexors and adductors)
- work on heavy work muscles before light work muscles (proximal stability for distal mobility)
Rood sequence of motor development
- supine withdrawal
- rollover
- prone extension
- neck co-contraction
- prone on elbows
- quadruped
- standing
- walking
Rood techinques for treatment
cuteanous
- light-moving touch, fast brushing, and icing
proprioceptive stimulation
- facilitation- Heavy joint compression, quick stretch, tapping, vestibular stimulation, and vibration
- inbit- Neutral warmth, light joint compression (approximation), and elongated position
olfactory
- Pleasant (vanilla) are calming. Unpleasant/noxious (sulfa and ammonia) are alerting
Brunnstrom Therapy principles
- associated reactions can be used to initiate or elicit synergies by giving resistance
- REFLEXES represent normal stages of development so they can be used to assist and/or initiate movement
- Proprioceptive stimuli can facilitate a synergy pattern
- Visual feedback such as mirrors or videotapes or auditory stimuli such as loud and repetitive
commands can reinforce synergistic movement
PNF principles
- using mass movement patterns that resemble normal movement during functional activities to help strengthen weak components of movements
- Adequate control of the head, neck, and trunk region develops fine motor skills
PNF techniques
- D1: (drivers seat starting position- reach diagonally for seat belt w. right hand)
- D2: (passenger seat starting position– reach with right hand straight up for seat belt then across body to buckle it)
- Relaxation techniques increases ROM when pain or spasticity increases with passive stretch.
-Contract-relax is when there is no active ROM.
- Hold-relax techniques benefit patients with pain. - Rhythmic initiation is used to improve the ability to initiate movement (Parkinson disease or apraxia)
NDT principles
-to normalize tone, inhibit primitive patterns of movement, and facilitate automatic, voluntary
reactions and subsequent normal movement patterns
- quality of the movement.
- Facilitation techniques and inhibition techniques are used to normalize or balance tone
- Normalization of muscle tone techniques
Normalization of muscle tone techniques
- Weight bearing
- Trunk rotation
- scapular protraction
- Anterior pelvic tilt/forward positioning of pelvis
- Facilitation of slow, controlled movements
- Proper positioning
- Incorporating the UE into activities- promotes functional use of the involved UE by incorporating via weight bearing, bilateral activities
assessing for glenohumeral subluxation
- let arm dangle into gravity
- palpate space under acromion process
- compare both sides and document width (using finger breadths)
overhead suspension sling
- people w/ proximal weakness (ALS, GBS, musuclar dystrophy)
- with muscle grade between 1 to 3
mobile arm supports or balanced forearm orthoses
- for person w/ weak proximal muscles
- helps them use available control of trunk and shoulder to engage in functional tasks
shoulder slings
- support flaccid arm
