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Emergency Medicine > Neurological > Flashcards

Neurological Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

APD Afferent Pupillary Defect

A

an abnormal finding of dilation of the pupil instead of constriction in response to a shining light

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2
Q

Aniscoria

A

Unequal diameter of pupils

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3
Q

Antalgic gait

A

limping

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4
Q

Aphasic

A

Inability generate or understand language due to damage to the brain. Either inability to create words i.e. expressive aphasia; or inability to understand spoken words i.e. receptive aphasia.

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5
Q

Ataxia

A

Loss of coordination

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6
Q

Babinski sign

A

The toes flex upward when sole of foot is stimulated, indicating motor nerve damage

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7
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

A localized facial nerve dysfunction that causes facial droop and numbness

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8
Q

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

Stroke. Blood supply to the brain is restricted or absent due to hemorrhage or occlusion of a vessel resulting in neurological damage and dysfunction.

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9
Q

Clonus

A

Involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations

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10
Q

Cranial nerve I

A

Olfactory. Example: smell

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11
Q

Cranial nerve II

A

Optic. Example: visual fields and pupillary light reflex.

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12
Q

Cranial nerve III

A

Oculomotor. Example: pupil function and extra ocular movements.

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13
Q

Cranial nerve IV

A

Trochlear. Example

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14
Q

Cranial nerve V

A

Trigeminal. Sensation of forehead, cheek, and chin

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15
Q

Cranial nerve VI

A

Abducens.

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16
Q

Cranial nerve VII

A

Facial

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17
Q

Cranial nerve VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear. Hearing

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18
Q

Cranial nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal. Gag reflex

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19
Q

Cranial nerve X

A

Vagus

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20
Q

Cranial Nerve XI

A

Accessory

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21
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal

22
Q

Decreased rectal tone

A

Diminished anal sphincter muscle contraction, indicative of neurological damage

23
Q

Dysarthria

A

Poor mechanical articulation of speech due to abnormal lip, tongue, or cheek motor function

24
Q

Dysphasia

A

Difficulty in neurologically generating or understanding language

25
Q

EOMI

A

extraocular movements intact

26
Q

EOM palsy

A

paralysis of the extra ocular movements

27
Q

Facial asymmetry

A

drooping of one side of the face indicating neurological damage

28
Q

Facial palsy

A

paralysis of the face

29
Q

finger-nose-finger

A

a test to evaluate cerebellar function

30
Q

Fundoscopic exam

A

Inside of the eye as seen with opthalmoscope looking for increased cranial pressure

31
Q

Grand mal seizure

A

epileptic attack characterized by convulsions, stupor and temporary loss of consciousness

32
Q

Hemiparesis

A

weakness of one half of the body

33
Q

Hemiplegia

A

paralysis of one half of the body

34
Q

Moves all extremitites

A

(MAEx4) The patient moves their arms and legs normally, indicating normal motor function

35
Q

Neuralgia

A

sharp pain along the course of a nerve or several nerves

36
Q

Normal DTRs

A

Normal deep tendon reflexes, rated as 2/4

37
Q

Oriented x3

A

Oriented to person, place, and time

38
Q

Papilledema

A

Swelling of the optic nerve sheath, as noted with fundoscopic examination

39
Q

Paresthesia

A

Abnormal tactile sensation often described as tingling, numbness, or pinpricking

40
Q

Post-ictal

A

The state of somnolence and decreased responsiveness after a seizure

41
Q

Pronator drift

A

Involuntary turning or lowering of forearm when outstretched

42
Q

Romberg’s sign

A

Falling to one side when standing with feet together and eyes closed, indicating abnormal cerebellar function or inner ear dysfunction

43
Q

Saturday Night Palsy

A

A permanent localized numbness or weakness to a specific nerve’s distal innervation

44
Q

Status epileptcus

A

Repetitive seizures without regaining consciousness between them

45
Q

Strength 5/5

A

Normal strength of the extremities

46
Q

Syncope

A

Loss of consciousness; fainting, “passing out”

47
Q

Tongue deviation

A

tongue pointing to one side

48
Q

Tonic clonic

A

description of a grand-mal or generalized seizure with stupor and transient LOC

49
Q

Transient Ischemic attack

A

TIA; transient “mini-stroke”, neurological function is regained completely with time

50
Q

Vertigo

A

Condition of feeling the room-spin

Emergency Medicine (29 decks)

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