Chapter 15 Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards

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1
Q

“PASTE” is an alternate assessment tool for

A

Respiratory patients

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2
Q
A 59-year-old male with a history of emphysema complains of an acute worsening of his dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain following a forceful cough. Your assessment reveals that he has a barrel-shaped chest, unilaterally diminished breath sounds, and tachycardia. What is the most likely cause of this patient's condition?
A. Rupture of the diaphragm
B. Spontaneous pneumothorax
C. Exacerbation of his COPD
D. Acute pulmonary embolism
A

Spontaneous pneumothorax

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3
Q

Crackles (rale) are caused by

A

Air passing through fluid

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4
Q

Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would MOST likely be contraindicated in which of the following situations?
A. Difficulty breathing, two-word dyspnea, and tachycardia
B. Conscious and alert patient with an oxygen saturation of 85%
C. Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mmHg
D. Pulmonary edema, history of hypertension, and anxiety

A

C. Shortness of breath and a blood pressure of 76/56 mmHg

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5
Q

While auscultating an elderly woman’s breath sounds, you hear low-pitched “rattling” sounds at the bases of both of her lungs. This finding is MOST consistent with which of the following conditions?

A

D. Aspiration pneumonia

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6
Q

Your patient has a chronic respiratory condition. His stimulus to breath is triggered by low oxygen levels in the blood. This is known as the _______

A

A. Hypoxic Drive

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7
Q
Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?
A. Bronchus
B. Larynx
C. Pharynx
D. Oropharynx
A

A. Bronchus

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8
Q
Which of the signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
A. Flat jugular veins
B. Dependent Edema
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Labored breathing
A

B. Dependent edema

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9
Q

Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients ______

A

Who have experienced a head injury.

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10
Q

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present but have not provided any care. You should:

A

Begin high-quality CPR and apply AED as soon as possible.

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11
Q

You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient’s skin is pale. This is likely due to ______.

A

Peripheral vasoconstriction

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12
Q

Your patient is in shock, but the body’s defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called _________

A

Compensated Shock

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13
Q

A patient whose speech is slurred and difficult to understand is experiencing:

A

Dysarthria

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14
Q

The left cerebral hemisphere controls:

A

The right side of the body

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