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Assessment Exam 2 > Neurological > Flashcards

Neurological Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main function of the frontal lobe

A

Personality, behavior, emotions, intellect
includes broca area for motor speech

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2
Q

Main function of the parietal lobe

A

Sensation

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3
Q

Main function of the occipital lobe

A

Visual reception center

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4
Q

Main function of the temporal lobe

A

Auditory reception center plus hearing, taste and smell.

Includes wernickes area for language comprehension

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5
Q

What is the basal ganglia

A

Initiates and coordinates movements

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6
Q

What is the thalamus

A

Relay station for sensory pathways

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7
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

Regulates function such as breathing, temperature and appetite

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8
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

Coordinates and smooths movement, balance, muscle tone

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9
Q

What does the brain stem do?

A

Core of the brain includes autonomic centers for respiration, heart, GI function

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10
Q

What is cranial nerve 1

A

Olfactory

For smell

On

Some

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11
Q

What is cranial nerve 2

A

Optic

Vision

Old

Say

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12
Q

What is cranial nerve 3

A

Oculomotor

Eye movement

Olympus

Marry

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13
Q

What is cranial nerve 4

A

Trochlear

Eye movement

Towering

Marry

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14
Q

What is cranial nerve 5

A

Trigeminal

Chewing, face sensation, movement of jaw

Tops

But

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15
Q

What is cranial nerve 6

A

Abducens

Eye movement

A

My

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16
Q

What is cranial nerve 7

A

Facial

Facial expressions (face movements)
Taste (2/3 of tongue)

Finn

Brother

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17
Q

What is cranial nerve 8

A

Acoustic

Hearing, balance

And

Says

18
Q

What is cranial nerve 9

A

Glossopharyngeal

Speaking, swallowing, taste in back of tongue (1/3)

German

Big

19
Q

What is cranial nerve 10

A

Vagus

Speaking, swallowing, cough, gag reflex

Viewed

Brains

20
Q

What is cranial nerve 11

A

Spinal

Movement of head and shoulders (lift)

Some

Matter

21
Q

What is cranial nerve 12

A

Hypoglossal

Tongue movement

Hops

More

22
Q

What are dermatomes

A

Area of skin that is innervated mainly by a particular spinal nerve

23
Q

Dermatome for thumb

A

C6

24
Q

Dermatome for axilla

A

T1

25
Q

Dermatome for nipple

A

T4

26
Q

Dermatome for umbilicus

A

T10

27
Q

Dermatome for groin

A

L1

28
Q

Dermatome for knee

A

L4

29
Q

Signs of a stroke

A

BE FAST

Balance
Eyes

Face
Arms
Speech
Time

30
Q

Explain BE FAST

A

B- sudden loss of balance
E- sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes

F- does the face look uneven?
A- does one arm drift down? Ask person to raise both arms
S- does speech sound strange, ask them to repeat a phrase
T- how long has it been? Dial 911!

31
Q

What is spastic hemiparesis

A

Arm is immobile against the body, with flexion of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and fingers and adduction of the other shoulder

Leg is stiff and extended and circumducts with each step (drags toe in a semi circle)

32
Q

What is parkinsonian

A

Posture is stooped, trunk is pitched forward, elbows hips and knees are flexed. Steps are short and shuffling.

33
Q

What is scissors gait?

A

Knees cross or are in contact, like holding an orange between the thighs, the person uses short steps, and walking requires effort

34
Q

What is stepping or foot drop?

A

Slapping quality- looks as if walking upstairs and finding no stair there. Lifts knees and foot high and slaps it down hard and flat to compensate for foot drop.

35
Q

What is cerebellar ataxia

A

Staggering, wide based gait, difficulty with turns, uncoordinated movement with positive Romberg sign

36
Q

What can cause muscle atrophy

A

Disuse

Injury (to nerve or muscle)

Lower motor neuron disease like polio or diabetic neuropathy

37
Q

Abnormal findings for muscle strength

A

Paresis- weakness

Paralysis- absence of strength

38
Q

What are some abnormalities for muscle tone

A

Flaccidity (hypotonia) - can indicate lower motor neuron (LMN) problem

Spasticity (hypertonia) can occur with upper motor neuron (UMN) injury

39
Q

What tests checks cerebellar function

A

RAM

Finger-nose- finger test

Heel to shin

40
Q

What is a positive Romberg test indicate?

A

Cerebellar ataxia like MS or alcohol intoxication

Assessment Exam 2 (7 decks)

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