Neurohistology

Question 1

myelinated fibers from annulospiral endings innervating muscle spindles

Answer 1

type Ia of Aalpha fibers

Question 2

myelinated fibers innervating golgi tendon organs

Answer 2

type Ib or Aalpha fibers

Question 3

part of the sensory pathways to the cerebellum which relay position sense information at the unconsciouslevel at a speed unparalleled by an other pathway

Answer 3

Aalpha fibers

run in do

Question 4

myelinated fibers from flower spray ending innervating muscle spindles; cutaneous tactile receptors

Answer 4

type II or Abeta fibers

Question 5

lightly myelinated fibers that relay pain, temperature and crude touuch sensation

Answer 5

type III or Adelta fibers

Question 6

sharp, well localized pain

Answer 6

type III or Adelta fibers

Question 7

dull, poorly localized pain

Answer 7

type IV or C fibers

Question 8

unmyelinated fibers that relay pain and temperature sensations

Answer 8

type IV or C fibers

Question 9

activated by a stimulus from a distance

Answer 9

teloreceptors (light and sound)

Question 10

baroreceptors and chemoreceptors are…

Answer 10

interoceptors (detect)

Question 11

mechanosensitive nociceptors respond to…

Answer 11

excessive mechanical stimulation or tissue injry via Adelta fibers

Question 12

temperature sensitive nociceptors respond to…

Answer 12

intense heat or cold via Adleta fibers

Question 13

polymodal nociceptors respond to…

Answer 13

various noxious stimuli via terminals of C fibers

Question 14

pruriceptors (itch sensitive receptors) respond to …

Answer 14

histamine via C fibers

Question 15

cold receptors respond to …

Answer 15

cold via free nerve endings of Adelta fibers

Question 16

warmth receptors respond to …

Answer 16

detect increase in temperature via free nerve endings of C fibers

Question 17

nonencapsulated mechanoreceptors (3)

Answer 17

free nerve endings

peritrichial nerve endings

tactile receptors

Question 18

what do free nerve endings respond to?

Answer 18

touch, pressure, pain and temperature via bare receptors

Question 19

peritrichial nerve endings use what fibers?

Answer 19

Abeta fibers

Question 20

merkel discs respond to…

Answer 20

fine detailed touch sensation (shape, texture, edges of objects) via Abeta fibers in teh lower epidermis and lower dermis

Question 21

are merkel discs encapsulated?

Answer 21

NO

Question 22

encapsulated mechanoreceptors (5)

Answer 22

meissner corpuscles

pacinian corpuscles

ruffini end organs

muscle spindles

golgi tendon organs

Question 23

where are meissner corpuscles found?

Answer 23

in dermal papillae

Question 24

what stimulates pacinian corpuscles

Answer 24

pressure, vibration, tickling

Question 25

hypodermis of hairy skin is associated with

Answer 25

ruffini end organs

Question 26

specialized mechanoreceptors unique to skeletal muscle that monitor muscle length

Answer 26

muscle spindles

Question 27

sensitive to changes in muscle length

Answer 27

static nuclear bag fibers and nuclear chain fibers

Question 28

sensitive mostly to rate of change in muscle length

Answer 28

dynamic nuclear bag fibers

Question 29

how do you distinguish between the 2 distinct types of intrafusal fibers?

Answer 29

nuclear bag fibers and nuclear chain fibers are distinguished based on their appearance

Question 30

sensory innervation to the intrafusal fibers

Answer 30

annulospiral endings (type Ia) and flower spray endings (type II)

Question 31

become activated at onset of muscle stretch or tension

Answer 31

annulospiral endings type Ia

Question 32

become activated when stretch is in progress

Answer 32

flower spray endings type II

Question 33

motor innervation to intrafusal fibers

Answer 33

gamma motor neurons

Question 34

innervation to GTO

Answer 34

no motor because no contractile component sensory is via Ib afferents

Question 35

monitor the amount of tension placed on a skeletal muscle

Answer 35

GTO