Nervous Tissue I and II

Question 1

what are nissl bodies

Answer 1

stacks of RER found in cell body of neurons

Question 2

why don’t neurons form tumors

Answer 2

no mitosis

Question 3

what is chromatolysis

Answer 3

dissolutionof nissl substance following injury

Question 4

t or f: GA, mito, free ribosomes and RER may be found in dendrites

Answer 4

FALSE no GA

Question 5

t or f: dendrites are myelinated

Answer 5

FALSE never

Question 6

direction of impulses

Answer 6

dendrites -> cell body -> axon

Question 7

is there RER in the axon

Answer 7

no but yes SER

Question 8

where are collateral branches?

Answer 8

axon branches near hillock

Question 9

following injury, proximal axon will _____ and the distal axon will _____

Answer 9

proximal-regenerate

distal- degenerate

Question 10

kinesin

Answer 10

anterograde

Question 11

dynein

Answer 11

retrograde

Question 12

viruses and toxins that enter nerve endings travel tothe CNS via

Answer 12

retrograde transport

Question 13

slow transport is _____ fast transport is ____

Answer 13

slow- anterograde

fast- bidirectional (Requires ATP)

Question 14

associated with special senses

Answer 14

bipolar neurons

Question 15

most common type of neuron

Answer 15

multipolar

Question 16

enclosed in CN sensory gnaglia and DRG

Answer 16

unipolar neurons

Question 17

multipolar neurons confined to the CNS

Answer 17

interneurons (99.9% of neurons)

Question 18

can divide and therefore can form tumors

Answer 18

neuroglia

Question 19

primarily in gray matter, granular cytoplasm, proceses cover synapses, neurons and blood vessels

Answer 19

protoplasmic astrocytes

Question 20

primarily in white matter, long thin processes, light stianing. associated with blood vessels ad pia mater, cover nodes of ranvier and syapses

Answer 20

fibrous astrocytes

Question 21

make up 80% of primary brain tumors in the adult

Answer 21

fibrous astrocytomas

Question 22

phagocytic cells of nervous system

Answer 22

microglia

Question 23

cells lining the brain and spinal cord cavities with cilia

Answer 23

ependymal cells

Question 24

immature schwann cells in close proximity to small diameter axons develop into …

Answer 24

nonmyelinating cells

if large diameter –> myelinating cells

Question 25

fused cell membranes

Answer 25

mesaxon

Question 26

internodal segment

Answer 26

insulated segment of axon

Question 27

MS affects only the

Answer 27

CNS- it affects the white matter causing demyelination

Question 28

__ CN are components of the PNS

Answer 28

11 (not optic)

Question 29

visceral motor system

Answer 29

aka ANS

influences smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands

Question 30

thoracolumbar outflow

Answer 30

sympathetic division

T1- L2/3

Question 31

craniosacral outflow

Answer 31

parasympathetic division

cranial outflow and sacral outflow S2-4

Question 32

electrical synapse

Answer 32

gap junctions

found in human brain stem, retina and cerebral cortex

Question 33

brief fusion of synaptic vesicle emptying part of contents into synaptic cleft

Answer 33

kiss and run fusion

Question 34

synaptic vesicl attaches to presyaptic membrane and empties all of its contents

Answer 34

collapse fusion

Question 35

does the brain contain lymph vessels

Answer 35

no

CSF is reabsorbed by arachnoid villi and passes into bloodstream

Question 36

layer unique to cerebellum

Answer 36

purkinje layer

molecular -> purkinje -> granular layer

Question 37

anterograde changes in nerve injury and regeneration

Answer 37

axonal degeneration (wallerian degeneration) and elimination of debris

Question 38

chromatolysis

Answer 38

part of retrograde reactionand neural regeneration

nissle bodies move to periphery of soma

Question 39

4 essential cells for regeneration

Answer 39

macrophages
fibroblasts
basal lamina
schwann cells